托福写作语料库：自主阅读还是规定阅读

 　【教育类】

　　The reading students do on their own is as important as or more important than that assigned by the teachers 自主阅读还是完成老师布置的阅读作业。(2016年3月11日)

　　【头脑风暴】

　　少年时代，我暑假阅读的书目是老师推荐的传统正能量的书籍：《红岩》，《地球的红飘带》， 《钢铁是怎样炼成的》等。我读了，但是，并没有受到革命主义的熏陶。令我兴奋是保尔柯察金和冬妮娅初次见面的美好，令我感怀的是他们懵懂的青春爱情。

　　高中时代，小鹏哥自由选择，畅游书海，一本书过一天的日子美好而难忘。我依然记得阅读安妮宝贝给我带来的触动：行云流水的文风，弥散悲伤的故事，频繁使用的句号。读到意犹未尽时，在晚上6：00，自己骑着自行车，去联合书城，毫不犹豫地再买一本她的新书……

　　【作家立场】“开卷有益”是对的，无论是完成布置的阅读作业，还是随心所欲地阅读心爱的书籍。读书，使我们成熟思想、拓展视野、反思自我。但是，我认为，自主阅读更加值得推荐。

　　【思路拓展】

　　? 兴趣是最好的老师，阅读自己喜欢的书籍，可以感受更多的快乐，激发阅读兴趣，提高阅读的效率。例如，我喜欢阅读文学，惯性的阅读和思考以及后续的写作练笔，使我成为小有名气的校园作家。

　　? 如果学生们一贯地由老师安排阅读任务 ，他们可能失去自由选择的能力 ，一旦老师不再布置阅读任务，他们会茫然不知所措。

　　? 老师布置的阅读任务，通常经过了深思熟虑，经过了教学实践的检验，帮助童鞋避免阅读的盲目性。

　　【范文赏析】

　　【首段】背景介绍 + 作家立场

　　Sure enough, to open a book is always beneficial. Reading, by occupying time so constructively¹, can make us feel contented², with no time for boredom³. Whether reading books arranged by teachers or to enjoy our favorite works has sparkled a debate. I always believe that to read books that really interest us can best stimulate⁴ our reading zeal⁵ and tap our infinite potentials.

　　【二段】第一次支持作家立场

　　Free reading, as a superior option, has many advantages. It provides relaxation⁶ for leisure hours and thus kindles⁷ our reading interests. Indeed, interest is the best teacher. To read good books can be a habit-formation only when we find plenty of fun in reading. More precisely⁸, the pleasure of reading lies in reading itself. For example, as a fancier of literature, I used to read a great many literary works. Reading those thought-provoking books stirred my vivid imagination, stimulated⁹ my creativity, and deepened my insights into life. On the contrary, I might slacken my efforts at reading and my reading enthusiasm might wither¹⁰ if I was forced to read unfavorite books

　　【三段】第二次支持作家立场

　　Secondly，students might loose the ability to make independent choice if they only read at the guidance of teachers. By that I mean, it is highly possible that those who only read books recommended by educators will feel at sea once teachers once they lose their exterior¹¹ incentives¹². Meanwhile, one man’s meat is another man’s poison. People’s reading tastes differ greatly, some reading assignments designed by teachers, even though are meaty and classic, might fail to arouse every individual’s reading impulses and arouse their sympathies. In this sense, reading might lose its charm.

　　【三段】让步对立观点之合理性 + 加以反驳

　　Indeed, I have to concede that most reading assignment designed or recommended by teachers have withstood the test of instructional experiment. Those reading lists, in most cases, are carefully chosen. Thereby¹³, to do some reading praised by teachers can help students avoid aimless reading and save precious time. What I want to rebut¹⁴, however, is that students should be encouraged to make their own reading choices，what educators need to do maybe just provide timely guidance and useful suggestions.

　　【尾段】再次亮明观点 + 总结理由

　　In sum, my standpoint is that to inspire students to make free reading choices is one of the best approaches to ignite their reading interests and motivate their reading zeal.

　　【经典语料】

　　1. To open a book is always beneficial. 开卷有益

　　2. Reading，by occupying time so constructively, can make us feel contented, with no time for boredom. 阅读，有建设性地利用了时间，使人心满意足，再也没有无聊之感。

　　3. stimulate our reading zeal and tap our infinite potentials 激发我们的阅读兴趣，开发我们无限的潜能

　　4. provides relaxation for leisure hours 为休闲时光提供了欢乐

　　5. To read good books can be a habit-formation only when we find plenty of fun in reading. 只有在阅读中找到快乐的时候，阅读好书才能成为一种习惯。

　　6. The pleasure of reading lies in reading itself. 阅读的乐趣在于阅读本身。

　　7. reading those thought-provoking books 阅读那些令人思考的书籍

　　8. reading enthusiasm might wither 阅读的热情也许会枯竭

　　9. the ability to make independent choice 独立做出选择的能力

　　10. One man’s meat is another man’s poison. 萝卜青菜，各有所爱。

　　11. might fail to arouse every individual’s reading impulse and arouse their sympathies 也许不能激发每个人的阅读冲动，引起每一个人的共鸣

　　12. have withstood the test of instructional experiment 经受住了教学实践的检验

　　13. help students avoid aimless reading and save precious time 帮助学生避免阅读的盲目性，节省时间。

　　14. what educators need to do 教学者需要做的是……

　　15. …… is one of the best approaches to ignite their reading interests and motivate their reading zeal …… 是最好的方式之一去点燃他们的阅读兴趣，激发他们的阅读热情。

1 constructively   

ad.有益的，积极的

参考例句：

• Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom. 如此富有意义地利用业余时间来进行收藏，会使人怡然自得，无暇烦恼。
• The HKSAR will continue to participate constructively in these activities. 香港会继续积极参与这些活动。

2 contented   

adj.满意的，安心的，知足的

参考例句：

• He won't be contented until he's upset everyone in the office.不把办公室里的每个人弄得心烦意乱他就不会满足。
• The people are making a good living and are contented,each in his station.人民安居乐业。

3 boredom   

n.厌烦，厌倦，乏味，无聊

参考例句：

• Unemployment can drive you mad with boredom.失业会让你无聊得发疯。
• A walkman can relieve the boredom of running.跑步时带着随身听就不那么乏味了。

4 stimulate   

vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋

参考例句：

• Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts.你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。
• Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。

5 zeal   

n.热心，热情，热忱

参考例句：

• Revolutionary zeal caught them up,and they joined the army.革命热情激励他们，于是他们从军了。
• They worked with great zeal to finish the project.他们热情高涨地工作，以期完成这个项目。

6 relaxation   

n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐

参考例句：

• The minister has consistently opposed any relaxation in the law.部长一向反对法律上的任何放宽。
• She listens to classical music for relaxation.她听古典音乐放松。

7 kindles   

（使某物）燃烧，着火( kindle的第三人称单数 )； 激起（感情等）； 发亮，放光

参考例句：

• And as kindles hope, millions more will find it. 他们的自由又将影响周围，使更多的人民得到自由。
• A person who stirs up trouble or kindles a revolt. 煽动叛乱者，挑动争端者挑起麻烦或引起叛乱的人。

8 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。

9 stimulated   

a.刺激的

参考例句：

• The exhibition has stimulated interest in her work. 展览增进了人们对她作品的兴趣。
• The award has stimulated her into working still harder. 奖金促使她更加努力地工作。

10 wither   

vt.使凋谢，使衰退，(用眼神气势等)使畏缩；vi.枯萎，衰退，消亡

参考例句：

• She grows as a flower does-she will wither without sun.她象鲜花一样成长--没有太阳就会凋谢。
• In autumn the leaves wither and fall off the trees.秋天，树叶枯萎并从树上落下来。

11 exterior   

adj.外部的，外在的；表面的

参考例句：

• The seed has a hard exterior covering.这种子外壳很硬。
• We are painting the exterior wall of the house.我们正在给房子的外墙涂漆。

12 incentives   

激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 )； 刺激； 诱因； 动机

参考例句：

• tax incentives to encourage savings 鼓励储蓄的税收措施
• Furthermore, subsidies provide incentives only for investments in equipment. 更有甚者，提供津贴仅是为鼓励增添设备的投资。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

13 thereby   

adv.因此，从而

参考例句：

• I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市，因此对它不怎么熟悉。
• He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民，因而得到了投票权。

14 rebut   

v.辩驳，驳回

参考例句：

• He attempted to rebut the assertions made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳控方证人所作的断言。
• This open letter is to rebut the argument of abstractionism.这封公开信是反驳抽象派论点的。