托福阅读材料：里约奥运 还没开就要完的节奏？

 With just a few weeks left until the start of the 2016 Olympics, Brazil is still suffering from serious economic problems. The acting¹ governor of Rio de Janeiro warned that the games could be a "failure" if his state doesn't get its finances in order.

　　距离2016年奥运会开幕只有几周时间了，但巴西仍深陷于严重的经济问题之中。里约热内卢州代理州长警告说，如果财政问题不解决，比赛或面临“失败”。

　　Brazil hasn't followed through on a promise to provide Rio with extra funding for security and transportation, according to Dornelles. Police officers in the city aren't being fully² paid and may not even have enough money for gas.

　　根据多内莱斯的说法，巴西尚未兑现承诺为里约提供额外资金以解决安全和交通问题。里约市的警察还没有拿到全部薪金，而且甚至可能连买天然气的钱也付不起。

　　The missing funds are just the tip of Brazil's iceberg³ of turmoil⁴.

　　未到位的资金只是巴西混乱的冰山一角。

　　Crime

　　犯罪

　　A functioning police force and transportation system are necessary, given the rising crime in Rio. Murder and robbery are up 15 percent and 30 percent, respectively, since last year, NPR reports. The city is trying to get new buses off the ground to help tourists avoid the favelas — areas vulnerable to violence, theft and gang activity.

　　从里约上升的犯罪率来看，必须要有高效的警力和交通系统。据NPR报道，自去年以来，谋杀和抢劫案件分别上升了15%和30%。城市正在努力引进不在地面运行的新公交车，以便帮助游客们避开贫民窟——那里太容易出现暴力案件、盗窃和帮派活动。

　　Political Unrest

　　政局动荡

　　After months of protest from angry Brazilians, the Senate last month voted to impeach⁵ President Dilma Rousseff over allegations that she lied about the country's economic issues. Rousseff and several members of her cabinet are also accused of making billions off of the state-run oil company Petrobras.

　　在愤怒的巴西人民进行了数月抗议之后，上个月参议院终于投票弹劾总统迪尔玛·罗塞夫，因其遭到指控称其在国家经济问题上说谎，罗塞夫及其内阁数位成员还被控告涉嫌贪污国有石油公司Petrobras数十亿元资产。

　　Wealth Gap

　　贫富差距

　　Economic inequality has long been an issue in Brazil. Recent figures indicate that the unemployment rate topped 11 percent last month. Wages are also down. Meanwhile, those involved in the Petrobras scandal are said to have made over $5 billion from bribes⁶, kickbacks⁷ and money-laundering.

　　经济上的不平等问题长期以来一直困扰着巴西。最近的数据显示上个月失业率已高达11%，工资水平也非常低。与此同时，据说与巴西石油公司Petrobras丑闻相关的人还通过贿赂、回扣、洗钱等手段贪污了50亿美元。

　　The Worst Recession In Decades

　　几十年来最严重的经济衰退

　　Brazil is facing one of the worst recessions the country has ever faced. The economy shrank 5.4 percent in the first three months of the year, the government said. Additionally, as FT points out, export prices have shrunk, household debt has increased, and inflation has risen even more than expected.

　　巴西正面临着前所未有的一次最严重的经济衰退。政府称今年前3个月经济缩水了5.4%。此外，正如FT指出的：出口萎缩，家庭债务增加，通货膨胀程度之高也超乎意料之外。

　　Zika Fears

　　寨卡引发恐惧

　　The recent outbreak of the Zika virus has lead to athletes, journalists and other travelers vowing⁸ to skip the August games. Although the symptoms of Zika aren't serious, the virus can lead to severe birthdefects if contracted by a pregnant woman. There are currently no effective treatments or vaccinations⁹.

　　最近爆发的寨卡病毒疫情使得诸多运动员、记者和其他游客发誓不会参加8月的赛事。尽管寨卡症状并不严重，但如果孕期妇女感染却会导致严重的新生儿出生缺陷，而目前尚无有效的治疗手段或疫苗。

1 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

2 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

3 iceberg   

n.冰山，流冰，冷冰冰的人

参考例句：

• The ship hit an iceberg and went under.船撞上一座冰山而沉没了。
• The glacier calved a large iceberg.冰河崩解而形成一个大冰山。

4 turmoil   

n.骚乱，混乱，动乱

参考例句：

• His mind was in such a turmoil that he couldn't get to sleep.内心的纷扰使他无法入睡。
• The robbery put the village in a turmoil.抢劫使全村陷入混乱。

5 impeach   

v.弹劾；检举

参考例句：

• We must impeach the judge for taking bribes.我们一定要检举法官收受贿赂。
• The committee decided to impeach the President.委员会决定弹劾总统。

6 bribes   

n.贿赂( bribe的名词复数 )；向（某人）行贿，贿赂v.贿赂( bribe的第三人称单数 )；向（某人）行贿，贿赂

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• corrupt officials accepting bribes 接受贿赂的贪官污吏

7 kickbacks   

n.激烈反应( kickback的名词复数 )；佣金，回扣

参考例句：

• Everyone at City Hall is receiving kickbacks. It's the only way to get anything done there. 市政府里的每个人都收回扣，在那里只有送红包，事情才办得成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• G raft or kickbacks paid to officials or law enforcem ent authorities. 暗中付给官员或执法人员的回扣。 来自互联网

8 vowing   

起誓，发誓（vow的现在分词形式）

参考例句：

• President Bush is vowing to help Minneapolis rebuild its collapsed bridge. 布什总统承诺将帮助明尼阿波利斯重建坍塌的大桥。
• President Bush is vowing to help Minneapolis rebuild this collapse bridge. 布什总统发誓要帮助明尼阿波利斯重建起这座坍塌的桥梁。

9 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》