托福阅读素材：为何政坛女强人青睐短发造型

 　　With a penchant¹ for leopard² print heels, latex thigh-high boots and ￡1,000-plus designer dresses, Theresa May is no stranger to political power dressing³. But the Prime Minister's hairstyle, it turns out, is also the must-have 'power cut' for females in charge.

　　喜欢踏着豹纹高跟鞋、乳胶长筒靴，身着一身1000多英镑的名牌服装，特蕾莎?梅对政坛着装的搭配已是得心应手。不仅如此，这位新任首相的发型也是权势女性最青睐的必备发型。

　　Known as the political bob – or pob – the feathery, usually blonde, swept back look is now the favoured style of powerful women across the globe.

　　“政客波波头”——又称“pob头”——通常指亚麻金黄，蓬松微卷，梳向后方的造型，当选全球权势女性最爱发型。

　　White House hopeful Hilary Clinton has a perfectly⁴ coiffured, highlighted version of the pob, while SNP Leader Nicola Sturgeon and German Chancellor⁵ Angela Merkel prefer a shorter cropped, schoolboy style.

　　美国总统候选人希拉里?克林顿的完美发型堪称波波头经典，而苏格兰国民党领袖尼古拉?斯特金和德国总理默克尔则更偏爱更短的学生头造型。

　　Hairdressers say the 'pob' is being used by female politicians to demonstrate they are in charge and mean business.

　　发型师表示，波波头更能表现女政客严肃干练的强势形象。

　　Julia Carta, international celebrity⁶ hair and make-up artist, said: 'People are judged by their looks and the first thing people notice is hair.

　　国际名人造型化妆师茱莉亚?卡尔塔认为：“人们常倾向于‘以貌取人’，而发型往往是最先被留意到的部位。”

　　'Shorter, more precise styles give the impression that women can hack⁷ it in the man's world of politics. It gives the sign that they have a strong head on their shoulders, they are more intelligent, articulate and should be taken seriously.

　　“女性留干脆利落的短发，能让人认为她们能在男性主导的政坛得心应手。这种发型能着重表现她们睿智的头脑，突出她们足智多谋、表达清晰、更应该受重视。

　　'Longer, flouncy locks, by contrast, give the impression that women are perhaps fresh out of school, less intimidating⁸ and, in turn, less in control. They draw the eye down to a woman's bosoms⁹, so a shorter bob above the collar bone keeps attentions at eye level, up towards the brain.

　　“相比之下，长发和波浪卷发则会给人以初出茅庐的毕业女大学生印象，看上去欠缺威慑力和领导力。长发会将人们的目光吸引到胸前，而长度位于锁骨之上的短发波波头则能让人们的关注点保持与视线平齐，目光朝头上看去。”

　　'These women are ruling the world, they don't want people to be distracted by their hair, so shorter, sharper power cuts all help them to be taken seriously.

　　“这些在世界政坛上挥洒自如的女性不愿意人们因她们的发型而分心，因此更短、更利落的政客短发能让她们受到严肃对待。”

　　'Previous high profile female politicians, such as Mo Mowlam and Glenda Jackson, also favoured the bob, and Margaret Thatcher¹⁰ also had similar length hair, even though hers was set in rollers. It has been proven time and again that a shorter look gives women much more gravitas than those who have longer hair.'

　　“以往的政坛女强人也都偏爱波波头，比如莫?摩兰姆和格伦达?杰克逊，玛格丽特?撒切尔也留有类似长度的卷发。事实胜于雄辩，短发比长发让女性显得更为庄重。”

　　Hair stylist Teddy Mitchell also claimed that the 'pob' was useful to female politicians because it could be swept off their face and 'allows the camera' to see them.

　　发型师特迪?米切尔还认为，波波头对女性政客还有一层切实意义：这种短发不会遮住她们的面部，因而摄像头能更清晰地捕捉拍摄到她们。

　　'A pob can also be tucked behind the ear, all the better to say: voters, I'm listening,' he added.

　　“梳在耳后的波波头就像在帮她们发声：选民们，我在倾听你们的诉求，”他补充道。

　　For aspiring¹¹ politicians, who are perhaps not as powerful, but harbour ambitions of making it to the top, a more feminine, longer bob is favoured. Newly promoted cabinet ministers, Amber¹² Rudd, Elizabeth Truss and Karen Bradley all sport such barnets.

　　对于一些志存高远但或许并不那么强势的女政客，长度稍长、更女性化的波波头会是不错的选择。新上任的英国内阁大臣安博尔?鲁德，伊丽莎白?特鲁斯和卡伦?布拉德利都留着这种发型。

 

1 penchant   

n.爱好，嗜好；（强烈的）倾向

参考例句：

• She has a penchant for Indian food.她爱吃印度食物。
• He had a penchant for playing jokes on people.他喜欢拿人开玩笑。

2 leopard   

n.豹

参考例句：

• I saw a man in a leopard skin yesterday.我昨天看见一个穿着豹皮的男人。
• The leopard's skin is marked with black spots.豹皮上有黑色斑点。

3 dressing   

n.(食物)调料；包扎伤口的用品，敷料

参考例句：

• Don't spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself.别花那么多时间来打扮自己。
• The children enjoy dressing up in mother's old clothes.孩子们喜欢穿上妈妈旧时的衣服玩。

4 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

5 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

6 celebrity   

n.名人，名流；著名，名声，名望

参考例句：

• Tom found himself something of a celebrity. 汤姆意识到自己已小有名气了。
• He haunted famous men, hoping to get celebrity for himself. 他常和名人在一起, 希望借此使自己获得名气。

7 hack   

n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳

参考例句：

• He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
• Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。

8 intimidating   

vt.恐吓，威胁( intimidate的现在分词)

参考例句：

• They were accused of intimidating people into voting for them. 他们被控胁迫选民投他们的票。
• This kind of questioning can be very intimidating to children. 这种问话的方式可能让孩子们非常害怕。

9 bosoms   

胸部( bosom的名词复数 )； 胸怀； 女衣胸部（或胸襟）； 和爱护自己的人在一起的情形

参考例句：

• How beautifully gold brooches glitter on the bosoms of our patriotic women! 金光闪闪的别针佩在我国爱国妇女的胸前，多美呀！
• Let us seek out some desolate shade, and there weep our sad bosoms empty. 我们寻个僻静的地方，去痛哭一场吧。

10 thatcher   

n.茅屋匠

参考例句：

• Tom Sawyer was in the skiff that bore Judge Thatcher. 汤姆 - 索亚和撒切尔法官同乘一条小艇。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险
• Mrs. Thatcher was almost crazed; and Aunt Polly, also. 撒切尔夫人几乎神经失常，还有波莉姨妈也是。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险

11 aspiring   

adj.有志气的；有抱负的；高耸的v.渴望；追求

参考例句：

• Aspiring musicians need hours of practice every day. 想当音乐家就要每天练许多小时。
• He came from an aspiring working-class background. 他出身于有抱负的工人阶级家庭。 来自辞典例句

12 amber   

n.琥珀；琥珀色；adj.琥珀制的

参考例句：

• Would you like an amber necklace for your birthday?你过生日想要一条琥珀项链吗？
• This is a piece of little amber stones.这是一块小小的琥珀化石。