appear, look, seem的区别及用法特点

 　　appear¹, look, seem²的用法特点

　　一、基本区别

　　look 指视觉印象，appear 指外表给人的印象，这两者可能是真象也可能是假象，appear的不确定性更大一些，seem 侧重指根据某种迹象作出的推断，也不一定是事实。

　　二、后接不定式的问题

　　三者均可后接不定式，但 look 之后一般只限于 to be(且较少见)：

　　He seems³ [appears, looks] to be very tired. 他好像很累了。

　　He seems [appears] to have traveled⁴ a lot. 他似乎去过不少地方。

　　This seems to be a happy solution⁵. 这似乎是一个理想的解决办法。

　　但是不说He looks to have traveled a lot.

　　三、后接like的问题

　　look, seem 之后可接介词 like，但 appear 之后一般不能：

　　He just looks like his brother. 他的模样就像他的哥哥。

　　He seems like a fool⁶. 他看起来像个傻瓜。

　　四、用于进行时态的问题

　　appear 和seem不用于进行时态，但look有时可这样用(尽管较少见)：

　　He looks [is looking] well. 他看上去气色不错。

　　但是不说He is seeming⁷ [appearing] well.

　　五、用于it开头的句子

　　三者均可用于 it 开头的句子，且三者之后均可接以 as⁸ if 或 as though⁹ 引导的从句，另外 appear 和 seem 之后还可接 that 引导的从句：

　　It looks [seems, appears] as if he has lost interest¹⁰ in his job. 看来他对自己的工作已失去了兴趣。

　　It seems [appears] that he is very tired. 他似乎很累了。

　　为避免重复，appear和seem后接的 that 从句有时可用so, not 代之：

　　“Is he reliable¹¹? ” “It seems [appears] so (not).”“他可靠吗?”“似乎是可靠的(不可靠)。”

1 appear   

vi.出现，出场，出席，露面；似乎，好像，显得

参考例句：

• The students appear very nervous.学生们看起来很紧张。
• When night falls,stars appear.夜晚来到时星星出现。

2 seem   

vi.好像，似乎，看来好像

参考例句：

• You seem very much alive today.你今天好像非常活跃。
• The children seem very happy.孩子们似乎很快活。

3 seems   

v.好像，仿佛( seem的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• She seems to feel ambivalent about her new job. 她似乎对新工作忧喜参半。
• Her return to the team now seems a certainty. 她的归队现在似乎已成定局。

4 traveled   

adj.富有旅行经验的；旅客多的；旅客使用的；旅客常到的

参考例句：

• As we traveled together, we started to grow apart. 我们在一起旅行的时候产生了隔阂。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Previous to that, we had traveled by car to Paris. 在那之前，我们坐车去了巴黎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 solution   

n.解答，解决办法，解决方案；溶解；溶液

参考例句：

• It's a peaceful solution.这是个和平的解决方法。
• They tried everyway to find the solution.他们想尽办法来解决问题。

6 fool   

n.愚人，受骗者，奶油拌水果；vt.愚弄，欺骗，浪费；vi.干傻事，开玩笑

参考例句：

• He spent all his money,he is such a fool.他这样傻，花光了所有的钱。
• Some people act the fool now and then.有些人时常装傻。

7 seeming   

adj.表面上的，似乎真实的n.外观，外貌，表象v.好像，仿佛( seem的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• She handled the matter with seeming indifference. 她看似漫不经心地处理了这件事。
• For all his seeming calmness, he was really very nervous. 尽管他表面上镇定，其实非常紧张。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 as   

conj.按照；如同

参考例句：

• He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
• In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。

9 though   

conj.虽然，尽管；即使；可是，不过，然而；adv.可是，不过，然而

参考例句：

• It's quite pleasant today,though the wind is rather cool.尽管风有点凉，今天天气还是很不错的。
• I will have a try even though I should fail.哪怕失败，我也要试一下。

10 interest   

v.引起…关注；使…感兴趣

参考例句：

• She lost interest in him.她对他失去兴趣。
• He developed an interest in science.他养成了对科学的兴趣。

11 reliable   

adj.可信赖的；可靠的

参考例句：

• I'm afraid the information is not reliable.恐怕消息不可靠。
• Do you think she's reliable?你看她这个人可靠吗？