儿童节的由来

 　　第一种说法：

　　The International Children's Day had its origin in Turkey in 1920 (April 23, 1920) and later in the World Conference in Geneva, Switzerland,which 54 representatives from different countries gathered together to convene¹ the first "World Conference for the Wellbeing of Children" in 1925.

　　最早过六一儿童节的国家是土耳其，他们在1920年就开始了。1925年，在日内瓦国际会议上，瑞士等54个国家共同召开了主题为“让孩子们更幸福全球会议”。

　　It is not clear as to why June 1 was chosen as the International Children's Day: one theory has it that the Chinese consul-general in San Francisco (USA) gathered a number of Chinese orphans² to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in 1925, which happened to be on June 1 that year, and also coincided with the conference in Geneva.

　　之所以把6月1日作为国际儿童节，一种说法是1925年，中国驻美国的总领事曾在旧金山领着一些中国孤儿庆祝端午节。那一年的端午节刚好是6月1日，发生的时间与之前的日内瓦会议相符。

　　第二种说法：

　　Children, also known as "June 1 International Children's Day," the annual June 1, the world of children's festivals. November 1949, the Women's International Democratic Federation³ council meeting held in Moscow. China and other countries and representatives of countries and anger exposed the imperialist reactionaries⁴ kill and poison children. In order to protect the world's children to survival, health and education, to improve the lives of children. The meeting decided⁵ in the annual June 1 International Children's Day.

　　1942年6月，德国法西斯党卫军包围了现在捷克共和国的首都布拉格市附近的利迪策村，枪杀了16岁以上男性公民140多人，全部婴儿和妇女被押往集中营，另外有90名儿童被押往波兰的一个集中营（其中只有17人活到战争结束）。村里所有的房舍、建筑物均被烧 毁或被铲土机夷为平地。就这样，一个好好的村庄被法西斯党卫军毁灭了。为了悼念利迪策村和全世界所有在战争中死难的儿童，反对帝国主义战争贩子虐杀、毒害儿童，保障儿童的权利，1949年11月在苏联首都莫斯科召开的国际民主妇女联合会理事会通过一项决议，正式决定每年的6月1日为全世界儿童的节日，即"六一"国际儿童节。

　　The International Children's Day (ICD) is celebrated⁶ in numerous countries, usually (but not always) on June 1 each year.

　　目前世界上不少国家将6月1日定为儿童的节日，称为"国际儿童节"。然而，在欧美国家，儿童节的日期各不相同，而且往往很少举行社会公众性的庆祝活动。

1 convene   

v.集合，召集，召唤，聚集，集合

参考例句：

• The Diet will convene at 3p.m. tomorrow.国会将于明天下午三点钟开会。
• Senior officials convened in October 1991 in London.1991年10月，高级官员在伦敦会齐。

2 orphans   

孤儿( orphan的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The poor orphans were kept on short commons. 贫苦的孤儿们吃不饱饭。
• Their uncle was declared guardian to the orphans. 这些孤儿的叔父成为他们的监护人。

3 federation   

n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会

参考例句：

• It is a federation of 10 regional unions.它是由十个地方工会结合成的联合会。
• Mr.Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.普京正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统。

4 reactionaries   

n.反动分子，反动派( reactionary的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The reactionaries are fierce in appearance but feeble in reality. 反动派看起来很强大，实际上十分虚弱。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• We definitely do not apply a policy of benevolence to the reactionaries. 我们对反动派决不施仁政。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

6 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。