解读雅思阅读中的词汇换用

 　　在雅思考试备考中我们不难发现，雅思阅读中一篇好的文章用词丰富、句式多变。雅思阅读的文章均摘自西方报刊杂志，属于原汁原味的外文资料，自然也会遵循着以上规律，所以雅思阅读中对词汇的考查万变不离其宗，无非是对同义词、反义词、同根词进行考核。

　　雅思阅读词汇换用例一：

　　原文：　In Europe, the obstacle has been conservative local authorities and developers who prefer to ensure quick sales with conventional mass-produced housing.

　　题目：Many developers prefer mass-produced houses because they...

　　答案：sell quickly

　　解析：原文和题目中的句意关键词developer, prefer 均相同，但 “housing” 换成了 “houses”, 即同根词的代换。 “they” 指代 “houses”， 又因为 “because” 应该引导从句，所以答案为动词短语。 “quick sales” 对应的动词短语为上述答案， 也就是说答案也是根据同根词替换而来的。

　　雅思阅读词汇换用例二：

　　原文：While this includes complex kingdoms, as in Africa, and ancient empires, such as those of the Americas, the primary focus of attention in the twentieth century has been on small-scale societies.

　　题目：The twentieth-century collections come mainly from mainstream¹ societies such as the US and Europe.

　　答案：FALSE

　　解析：原文与题目对比出现了一组反义代换词 “small-scale societies” 和 “mainstream societies”.

　　雅思阅读词汇换用例三：

　　原文：Countries all over the world are actively² promoting their wilderness³ regions to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these regions is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires litter or no initial investment.

　　题目：The low cost of setting wilderness tourism makes it attractive to many countries.

　　答案：TRUE

　　解析：low cost=little or no initial investment; “attractive” 为 “attraction”的同根词代换。

　　雅思阅读词汇换用例四：

　　原文：In their new location, the beekeeper will pay the farmer to allow his bees to feed in such places as orange groves⁴.

　　题目： They transport their hives to orange groves where farmers (charge) beekeepers for placing them on their land. Here the bees make honey.

　　解析：这是剑桥上的一个填空题。不难看出，为了考查词汇，题目对原文进行了同义句转换，但是对主语和宾语进行了调换，所以谓语动词也采用了相应的反义词形式。

　　总之，词汇换用这在雅思词汇中是很平常的现象，但同时，这也是很多中国考生在平时容易忽视的细节，词汇换用的技巧也不能通过单纯的死记硬背雅思考试词汇来掌握，所以同学们要注意平时针对性的练习。小编预祝同学们在雅思考试中取得好的成绩。

 

1 mainstream   

n.（思想或行为的）主流；adj.主流的

参考例句：

• Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
• Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。

2 actively   

adv.积极地，勤奋地

参考例句：

• During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
• We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。

3 wilderness   

n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠

参考例句：

• She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

4 groves   

树丛，小树林( grove的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The early sun shone serenely on embrowned groves and still green fields. 朝阳宁静地照耀着已经发黄的树丛和还是一片绿色的田地。
• The trees grew more and more in groves and dotted with old yews. 那里的树木越来越多地长成了一簇簇的小丛林，还点缀着几棵老紫杉树。