雅思之阅读选择题如何应对干扰

 　　雅思阅读选择题分为了单项选择和多项选择，但是一般情况下，干扰项的类别却是一样的，大家只要能抓住这些干扰项特点，就可以更容易发现正确答案。

　　一、 重要干扰项

　　重要干扰项就是指，这种选项虽然不是正确答案，却与原文不冲突(或者很难判断是否与原文冲突)，它们与正确答案看起来比较相似，只不过不如正确答案更准确、更完整或更严谨。我们和小编一起来看下面的例子：

　　In Tarkovsky’s opinion, the attraction of the cinema is that itA aims to impress its audience.

　　B tells stories better than books.

　　C illustrates¹ the passing of time.

　　D describes familiar events.

　　我们可以定位到原文的C段和D段，C段提到：The frightened audience could not accept that they were watching a mere² picture. Pictures were still, only reality moved; this must, therefore, be reality. In their confusion, they feared that a real train was about to crush them. 这一段文字表达了观众当时的反应，观众们很难接受自己看到的是图画而不是事实。D段提到：The key to that magic was the way in which cinema created a dynamic image of the real flow of events. A still picture could only imply the existence of time, while time in a novel passed at the whim³ of the reader. But in cinema, the real, objective flow of time was captured. 这段文字描述了电影创造了事件随时间的发展演变，并且用picture和novel进行类比，强调电影的魔力是让人清楚地看到事情流畅地随时间演变。

　　根据这两段文字所表达的意思，很多学生会选择A或B选项，因为原文提及了观众、小说(书)的内容。A和B两个选项与原文所讲的内容并不是矛盾或完全不符合的。因此，这两个选项就干扰了我们正确的选择。当我们把这两段文字仔细推敲之后，发现描述观众的反应和对比书和电影的区别，都是为了表达电影的魔力在于表达事件随时间的发展这一主题含义。C项的含义比AB要更准确，因此答案选择C项。

　　二、 错误干扰项

　　相比之下，多选题目的错误干扰项就较容易识别出来了。我们可以看到，有些题目中，某个选项与原文是直接矛盾的，那么肯定不会选择它为正确的答案。比如：

　　A recent survey found that in British secondary schools,A there was more bullying⁴ than had previously⁵ been the case.

　　B there was less bullying than in primary schools.

　　C cases of persistent⁶ bullying were very common.

　　D indirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with.

　　我们看到原文，其中有一句话是：There was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying. 通过这句话，我们可以明显地判断出，C项的含义与原文是矛盾的。very common和one in twenty-five的比例是明显不符的。因此，C选项就是一个错误的干扰项，我们可以确定地排除答案是C项的可能性。

 

1 illustrates   

给…加插图( illustrate的第三人称单数 )； 说明； 表明； （用示例、图画等）说明

参考例句：

• This historical novel illustrates the breaking up of feudal society in microcosm. 这部历史小说是走向崩溃的封建社会的缩影。
• Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had an experience which illustrates this. 阿尔弗莱德 - 阿德勒是一位著名的医生，他有过可以说明这点的经历。 来自中级百科部分

2 mere   

adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过

参考例句：

• That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
• It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。

3 whim   

n.一时的兴致，突然的念头；奇想，幻想

参考例句：

• I bought the encyclopedia on a whim.我凭一时的兴致买了这本百科全书。
• He had a sudden whim to go sailing today.今天他突然想要去航海。

4 bullying   

v.恐吓，威逼( bully的现在分词 )；豪；跋扈

参考例句：

• Many cases of bullying go unreported . 很多恐吓案件都没有人告发。
• All cases of bullying will be severely dealt with. 所有以大欺小的情况都将受到严肃处理。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

6 persistent   

adj.坚持不懈的，执意的；持续的

参考例句：

• Albert had a persistent headache that lasted for three days.艾伯特连续头痛了三天。
• She felt embarrassed by his persistent attentions.他不时地向她大献殷勤，使她很难为情。