雅思写作让步反驳段如何解锁

 在雅思考试的听说读写当中，写作无疑是众多考生最薄弱的环节。而取得雅思写作高分，也是众多考生梦寐以求的目标。从论证的角度来看，一篇高分作文要紧扣主旨，立场清晰;论证有力，逻辑性强。我们常用的论证方法有：解释说明法、举例论证法、比较对比法、让步反驳法。其中，能够大大提高文章的论证力度和逻辑性的就是让步反驳法。在这里，我结合剑桥雅思官方范文以及一些真题，与烤鸭们分享一下让步反驳段的写法。

　　雅思写作让步反驳段通常用于论证中的反方段，也就是我们不太支持的那一方观点。在写反方段时，首先，我们要进行让步，承认反方观点存在一定的合理性，进行解释说明，然后笔锋一转，进行反驳。要记住：让步要让的充分，反驳要反驳的有力。让我们来看看一篇剑桥雅思官方范文中的让步反驳段。

　　雅思写作题目：In many countries students have a break to travel or work for a yearfrom study after they graduate from school. Do the advantages outweigh¹ thedisadvantages?

　　这篇文章的话题是gap year，在范文的正方段中，考官支持gap year， 认为这种做法好处多多，应该鼓励，然后考官写反方段，也就是gapyear的弊端，这个段落就是一个典型的让步反驳段，具体如下：

　　However，there are certainly dangers in taking time off at this importantage. Young adults may end up never returning to their school，or finding itdifficult to readapt to an academic environment. They may think that it isbetter to continue in a particular job or to do something completely differentfrom a university course.But overall，I think this is less likely today，whenacademic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable career.

　　分析一下，考官首先承认gap year有弊端和问题，因为经历了gapyear之后，有些学生有可能改变人生方向，不愿回到学校学习了，或者即使回校学习，也很难适应学术环境。然后，考官笔锋一转，说但是在如今的社会，上述情况和问题不太可能发生，因为如果想找到好工作、事业有成，学历是至关重要的。这个让步反驳段就写的非常好，使得整篇文章论证更加有力，逻辑性更强，这篇文章无疑是高分之作。

　　不少同学感觉让步反驳段比较难写，不知道从什么角度反驳。我在这里总结了一些行之有效的反驳方法和反驳角度：

　　1) 当我们反驳弊端时，我们可以说弊端和问题发生的可能性小，正如刚才分析的考官范文。此外，我们还可以说弊端是可以解决或者可以转化的。

　　比如这个题目：Some people believe that time spent on television，video and computergames can be beneficial to children. Others believe that this has negativeeffects on a child. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.这个题目是关于儿童看电视打游戏的利弊，假设我们的反方是看电视打游戏的弊端，那么让步反驳段可以这么写：不可否认，儿童看电视、打游戏存在弊端和问题(如影响视力和学习、容易上瘾)，但是这些问题是可以解决的：只要父母帮助儿童提高自控能力，合理分配时间，他们就可以从这些休闲活动中受益。范文如下：

　　However，spending too much time on TV and games may affect children's studyand health. Deeply attracted by entertaining TV programs and thrilling computergames，children tend to watch TV or play games for hours， neglecting theirhomework or coming exams. Also，too much time spent on TV or games could resultin weakened eyesight and lack of exercises.Nevertheless，with parents' help andinstructions，children can enhance² their self-control and time-management，whichmeans they are able to use time in the proper way and benefit from these leisureactivities.

　　2) 当我们写让步反驳段时，我们可以说反方观点适用于一些人或情况，但是不适用于另一些人或情况。

　　比如这个题目：Many people can now study at home through distance-learning programsvia the Internet or television. Some people say this kind of education cannot becompared to attending a college or university. To what extent do you agree ordisagree?

　　这个题目是关于远程教育和传统教育(上大学)，假设我们的反方是远程教育，那么让步反驳段可以这么写：当然，我们不能否认远程教育的优点和好处(方便省时、灵活性强)，但是这种教育方式不适用于自控力比较差的学生，他们不能集中注意力学习，容易分心，学习效果差。范文如下：

　　On the other hand，we cannot deny the obvious benefits of remote educationwhich provides people with more flexibility³ and convenience. People could choosetheir favorite courses and decide when and where to study，following their ownpaces. Instead of wasting time on commuting，students could comfortably sit athome and learn a course on line. However，those students who lack self-controland self-discipline cannot learn efficiently⁴ in this way，as they might bedistracted by various kinds of things，such as games and videos on line.

　　希望备考雅思的童鞋们认真领会让步反驳段的写法，多写多练。这个论证方法用的好，一定可以大大提高文章整体的论证力度和逻辑性，令考官眼前一亮，助你获得雅思写作高分!

1 outweigh   

vt.比...更重，...更重要

参考例句：

• The merits of your plan outweigh the defects.你制定的计划其优点胜过缺点。
• One's merits outweigh one's short-comings.功大于过。

2 enhance   

vt.提高（强度、力量、数量等），增加（进）

参考例句：

• BBC backing for the scheme will enhance its credibility.英国广播公司对这一计划的支持将提高其可信度。
• Good secretarial skills should enhance your chances of getting a job.出色的秘书工作技能会增加你找工作的机会。

3 flexibility   

n.柔韧性，弹性，（光的）折射性，灵活性

参考例句：

• Her great strength lies in her flexibility.她的优势在于她灵活变通。
• The flexibility of a man's muscles will lessen as he becomes old.人老了肌肉的柔韧性将降低。

4 efficiently   

adv.高效率地，有能力地

参考例句：

• The worker oils the machine to operate it more efficiently.工人给机器上油以使机器运转更有效。
• Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently.地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。