英语翻译：国务院新闻办公室文件——中国核应急3

 　　III.All-round Promotion¹ of Nuclear EmergencyPreparedness三、核应急"一案三制"建设

　　China lays great store by the planning, andlegislative/institutional/regulatory systems (knownin Chinese as "One Planning plus Three Systems")associated with nuclear emergency preparedness,and ensures the establishment and full functioningof a national nuclear emergency management systemthrough the safeguards of legislation, institutionand regulations.

　　中国高度重视核应急的预案和法制、体制、机制(简称"一案三制")建设，通过法律制度保障、体制机制保障，建立健全国家核应急组织管理体系。

　　Strengthening national nuclear emergency planning system building. The National NuclearEmergency Plan is an action program pre-set by the central government to cope with nuclearaccident scenarios³. The National Nuclear Emergency Plan lays down a whole set of regulations onthe organizational system, command and coordination⁴ mechanism⁵, emergency responseclassification, post-accident restoration actions, and emergency preparation and safeguardmeasures related to nuclear emergency preparation and response actions. In line with therequirements of the National Nuclear Emergency Plan, governments at all levels and nuclearinstallation operators must draw up nuclear emergency plans fully⁶ in keeping with the NationalNuclear Emergency Plan, so as to form a nationwide system of nuclear emergency planning.

　　加强全国核应急预案体系建设。《国家核应急预案》是中央政府应对处置核事故预先制定的工作方案。《国家核应急预案》对核应急准备与响应的组织体系、核应急指挥与协调机制、核事故应急响应分级、核事故后恢复行动、应急准备与保障措施等作了全面规定。按照《国家核应急预案》要求，各级政府部门和核设施营运单位制定核应急预案，形成相互配套衔接的全国核应急预案体系。

　　Strengthening nuclear emergency legislative² system building. China has put in place its ownnuclear emergency legal framework, comprising state laws, administrative⁷ regulations,departmental rules, national and industrial standards, and management guidelines. As early asAugust 1993 China put into effect the Regulations on Emergency Management of NuclearAccidents at Nuclear Power Plants. Since the beginning of this century China has, in succession,enacted the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of RadioactivePollution and Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of China, providing regulationsand requirements from the legal perspective on nuclear emergency preparedness. In July2015 the newly revised State Security Law of the People's Republic of China was promulgated,further reinforcing the nuclear accident emergency system and emergency response capacitybuilding to prevent, control and eliminate damage to the life and health of the general publicand ecological⁸ environment. In keeping with the foregoing laws and regulations, relevantdepartments of the government have worked out and put into effect their respective regulationsand management guidelines, and relevant institutions and nuclear-related industries havedrawn up applicable technical standards. The military also has drawn⁹ up relevantregulations, and established systems governing emergency rescue actions associated withnuclear emergency preparedness. Currently efforts are being made to push forward thelegislative process associated with the Atomic Energy Law and Nuclear Safety Law.

　　加强核应急法制建设。中国基本形成国家法律、行政法规、部门规章、国家和行业标准、管理导则于一体的核应急法律法规标准体系。早在1993年8月就颁布实施《核电厂核事故应急管理条例》。进入本世纪以来，又先后颁布实施《中华人民共和国放射性污染防治法》《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》，从法律层面对核应急作出规定和要求。2015年7月，新修订的《中华人民共和国国家安全法》开始实施，进一步强调加强核事故应急体系和应急能力建设，防止、控制和消除核事故对公众生命健康和生态环境的危害。与这些法律法规相配套，政府相关部门制定相应的部门规章和管理导则，相关机构和涉核行业制定技术标准。军队制定参加核电厂核事故应急救援条例等相关法规和规章制度。目前，正积极推进原子能法、核安全法立法进程。

　　Strengthening nuclear emergency management system building. China implements¹⁰ a nuclearemergency management system featuring unified¹¹ leadership at the national level, overallcoordination, assignment of responsibilities to different levels and emphasis on localizedadministration. The nuclear emergency management is led and placed under theresponsibility of the department designated by the central government. The governments ofthe province (autonomous region or centrally administered municipality) wherein nuclearinstallations are located are responsible for nuclear emergency management within theirrespective jurisdictions¹². The operator of the relevant nuclear installation and its seniorcompetent authority (unit) shall be responsible for on-site emergency management.Wherever necessary, the central government will lead, organize and coordinate¹³ nuclearemergency management at the national level.

　　加强核应急管理体制建设。中国核应急实行国家统一领导、综合协调、分级负责、属地管理为主的管理体制。全国核应急管理工作由中央政府指定部门牵头负责。核设施所在地的省(区、市)人民政府指定部门负责本行政区域内的核应急管理工作。核设施营运单位及其上级主管部门(单位)负责场内核应急管理工作。必要时，由中央政府领导、组织、协调全国的核事故应急管理工作。

　　Strengthening nuclear emergency mechanism building. China implements a nuclearemergency organization and coordination mechanism featuring leadership by onedepartment and participation¹⁴ by multiple departments. At the national level, a NationalNuclear Accident Emergency Coordination Committee has been set up comprising relevantgovernmental and military departments with the following main responsibilities: implementingstate nuclear emergency work guidelines, drawing up national policies for nuclear emergencymanagement, uniformly coordinating¹⁵ emergency activities at the national level, and deciding,organizing and commanding emergency assistance response actions. A National NuclearEmergency Office has also been set up to undertake the routine work of the National NuclearAccident Emergency Coordination Committee. At the provincial¹⁶ (regional and municipal)levels, nuclear emergency coordination bodies have been established, and operators ofnuclear installations have set up their respective nuclear emergency bodies. At the national andprovincial (regional and municipal) levels and within the operators of the nuclear installations,committees of experts or the support organizations thereof have been established to provideadvice and suggestions on nuclear emergency preparedness and response.

　　加强核应急机制建设。中国实行由一个部门牵头、多个部门参与的核应急组织协调机制。在国家层面，设立国家核事故应急协调委员会，由政府和军队相关部门组成，主要职责是：贯彻国家核应急工作方针，拟定国家核应急工作政策，统一协调全国核事故应急，决策、组织、指挥应急支援响应行动。同时设立国家核事故应急办公室，承担国家核事故应急协调委员会日常工作。在省(区、市)层面，设立核应急协调机构。核设施营运单位设立核应急组织。国家和各相关省(区、市)以及核设施营运单位建立专家委员会或支撑机构，为核应急准备与响应提供决策咨询和建议。

　　IV.Building and Maintenance of Nuclear Emergency Capabilities

1 promotion   

n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传

参考例句：

• The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
• The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级，加了薪。

2 legislative   

n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的

参考例句：

• Congress is the legislative branch of the U.S. government.国会是美国政府的立法部门。
• Today's hearing was just the first step in the legislative process.今天的听证会只是展开立法程序的第一步。

3 scenarios   

n.[意]情节；剧本；事态；脚本

参考例句：

• Further, graphite cores may be safer than non-graphite cores under some accident scenarios. 再者，根据一些事故解说，石墨堆芯可比非石墨堆芯更安全一些。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Again, scenarios should make it clear which modes are acceptable to users in various contexts. 同样，我们可以运用场景剧本来搞清楚在不同情境下哪些模式可被用户接受。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

4 coordination   

n.协调，协作

参考例句：

• Gymnastics is a sport that requires a considerable level of coordination.体操是一项需要高协调性的运动。
• The perfect coordination of the dancers and singers added a rhythmic charm to the performance.舞蹈演员和歌手们配合得很好，使演出更具魅力。

5 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

6 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

7 administrative   

adj.行政的，管理的

参考例句：

• The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
• He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

8 ecological   

adj.生态的，生态学的

参考例句：

• The region has been declared an ecological disaster zone.这个地区已经宣布为生态灾难区。
• Each animal has its ecological niche.每种动物都有自己的生态位.

9 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

10 implements   

n.工具( implement的名词复数 )；家具；手段；[法律]履行（契约等）v.实现( implement的第三人称单数 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• Primitive man hunted wild animals with crude stone implements. 原始社会的人用粗糙的石器猎取野兽。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• They ordered quantities of farm implements. 他们订购了大量农具。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

11 unified   

(unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的

参考例句：

• The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
• The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。

12 jurisdictions   

司法权( jurisdiction的名词复数 )； 裁判权； 管辖区域； 管辖范围

参考例句：

• Butler entreated him to remember the act abolishing the heritable jurisdictions. 巴特勒提醒他注意废除世袭审判权的国会法令。
• James I personally adjudicated between the two jurisdictions. 詹姆士一世亲自裁定双方纠纷。

13 coordinate   

adj.同等的，协调的；n.同等者；vt.协作，协调

参考例句：

• You must coordinate what you said with what you did.你必须使你的言行一致。
• Maybe we can coordinate the relation of them.或许我们可以调和他们之间的关系。

14 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

15 coordinating   

v.使协调，使调和( coordinate的现在分词 )；协调；协同；成为同等

参考例句：

• He abolished the Operations Coordinating Board and the Planning Board. 他废除了行动协调委员会和计划委员会。 来自辞典例句
• He's coordinating the wedding, and then we're not going to invite him? 他是来协调婚礼的，难道我们不去请他？ 来自电影对白

16 provincial   

adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人

参考例句：

• City dwellers think country folk have provincial attitudes.城里人以为乡下人思想迂腐。
• Two leading cadres came down from the provincial capital yesterday.昨天从省里下来了两位领导干部。