2007年VOA标准英语-US, Russia Remain Divided on Kosovo Issue

The United States and Russia remain far apart on the issue of Kosovo. In this report from Washington, senior correspondent André de Nesnera looks at the conflicting views.
 

President George W. Bush greets Russian President Vladimir Putin at Walker's Point, the Bush family compound in Kennebunkport, Maine

Technically¹, Kosovo - mostly populated by ethnic² Albanians - is still a province of Serbia. But it has been under the administration of the United Nations and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization since NATO drove Slobodan Milosevic's forces from the province in 1999.

A recent plan by U.N. envoy³ Martti Ahtisaari calls for Kosovo's independence under international supervision⁴. The Kosovo Albanians accepted the plan - albeit⁵ with reservations - while Serbia rejected it outright⁶. Serb officials say Kosovo has been and always will remain part of Serbia.

Washington and Moscow have opposing views on the merits of the plan. The United States strongly supports Kosovo's independence. Russia is opposed to it and has threatened to use its veto if the proposal comes up for a U.N. Security Council vote.

At the recent summit meeting in Kennebunkport, Maine, U.S. President George Bush and his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin discussed Kosovo, but no breakthroughs were announced.  U.S. National Security Adviser⁷ Steven Hadley told reporters diplomats⁸ on both sides will continue talks on the subject.

Robert Legvold, a Russia expert at Columbia University, says issues dividing Washington and Moscow are deep and substantive⁹.

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Kosovo Police patrol on the main bridge of the ethnically divided town of Mitrovica

"The Russians are genuinely opposed to granting independence to Kosovo and I think the Americans are persuaded that whether it would be our preferred course or not, if we don't [support independence for] the Kosovars, the citizens of Kosovo, or the government there will declare independence on its own and will lose control of the situation," he noted¹¹.  "And I think the Russians are deadly serious about preventing any outcome which the Serbs haven't accepted as a mutual¹² compromise and there is no indication there is such a thing. So I think the Russians are prepared in the end, if it comes to that, to cast their veto."

Legvold says a Russian veto could have dangerous consequences for the region.

Jason Lyall, a Russia expert at Princeton University, agrees.

"If Russia vetoes it, and then Kosovo goes ahead and declares unilateral independence on the ground, and then you've got the United States which is probably going to recognize Kosovo independence, but the European Union will split, then you are going to have a major diplomatic event and you might have violence on the ground," he explained.

Lyall says Russia's opposition¹³ to independence goes beyond standing¹⁴ by its Serb brethren.  He says Moscow is worried about the legal precedent¹⁵ it would set in world politics.

"If you have a Kosovo that becomes independent, you have now set a legal precedent for foreign intervention¹⁶ in states to justify¹⁷ and legalize secessionist movements," he added.  "And Russia looks at Kosovo through Chechen eyes. And it very much sees the experience of Chechnya and other republics in its south. And so this is a legal precedent that we do not want to touch. And so I do not know how the West finesses¹⁸ this with Russia. It's not really the Serb issue at all, it's really the legal precedent that it sets and this is going to be a major sticking point."

Experts say many governments are closely watching to see how the Kosovo situation will be resolved, hoping that it would not increase ethnic secessionist tendencies in their neighborhoods.