经典卡通片背后你所不知道的秘密

　　尽管我们不想毁了你那快乐的童年记忆，但这些卡通片似乎并非看起来那样的天真无邪。

　　The Smurfs 《蓝精灵》

　　There is a place where neighbors are always willing to lend a hand, where everyone lives without money and employs their individual skills for others.

　　有这样一个地方，邻里之间总是乐于互相帮助，每个人都不需要金钱过活且都用自己的一技之长来为他人服务。

　　But before you start checking out property prices in the area, you need to know that the neighbors are all blue and they live in mushroom-like houses.

　　但在你开始查看该地的房价前，你要知道，这里所有人都住在蘑菇型的房子里，他们有着蓝色的皮肤。

　　Smurf society has been seen by many as a metaphor¹ for communism which emphasizes co-operation and the common good.

　　很多人认为，蓝精灵的社会是共产主义的象征，强调合作和共同利益的重要性。

　　But could The Smurfs really offer a model for good society? Probably not.

　　但《蓝精灵》这部动画片真的能树立一个美好社会的模范吗?或许并非如此。

　　The cartoon is now under fire for being sexist–out of 105 Smurfs there are only three females. Smurfette, who debuted² in a 1966 Smurfs comic book strip, was the only woman in the village until Sassette and Nanny Smurf were introduced in 1981.

　　如今，这部卡通片因强调男权主义，而受到抨击——片中105位蓝精灵中只有3位女性。在1966年首次出版的同名连环画中，蓝妹妹是唯一的女性，1981年才出现了另外两个女性蓝精灵——蓝小妹和蓝奶奶。

　　Willem de Graeve, director of the Belgian Comic Strip Center in Brussels, explains that The Smurfs, created in 1958 by the Belgian artist Pierre Culliford, is influenced by the Catholic Church of 1950s Belgium.

　　位于布鲁塞尔的比利时漫画中心的总监维勒姆?狄镐夫解释道，比利时艺术家皮埃尔?库利福德在1958年创作蓝精灵漫画时受到了上世纪50年代比利时天主教的影响。

　　“That was a totally different era, when there was a very strong separation of genders³ in Belgium. It was not the done thing to show boys and girls having adventures together,” Graeve told the BBC News.

　　狄镐夫在接受BBC记者采访时透露：“那是一个特别的年代，当时的比利时男女有别。男女一起去探险是不符合传统的行为。”

　　Winnie The Pooh 《小熊维尼》

　　It’s hard to believe, but Canadian researchers find that Winnie The Pooh and his forest friends in the Hundred Acre Wood are actually suffering serious mental disorders⁵.

　　尽管这令人难以置信，但加拿大研究人员的确发现生活在百亩森林里的小熊维尼和他的丛林伙伴们都患有严重的精神疾病。

　　Winnie The Pooh: Eating Disorder⁴. His constant quest for food and the discarded honey pots all around his house are evidence of his disorder.

　　小熊维尼患有饮食紊乱症症。他对食物无止境的渴望及他小屋周围那些废弃的蜂蜜罐就是他患病的证据。

　　Rabbit: Obsessive⁶ Compulsive Disorder. Rabbit is always worried about how things look and goes back and forward to make sure things are in order. He’s obsessed⁷ with how the carrots are arranged and with keeping his house in order.

　　瑞比患有强迫症。瑞比总是担心周遭事情的进展，常常跑前跑后确保胡萝卜园内所有事情都井井有条。他总是一门心思地打理自己的胡萝卜园，以及收拾房间。

　　Tigger: Attention Deficit⁸ Hyperactivity Disorder. Tigger can’t sit still. He is always bouncing from one thing to the other. He is always distracted, and has no conscience. For example, he messes up Rabbit’s garden and could not care less.

　　跳跳虎患有多动症。跳跳虎无法安静地坐下来。他做事总是跳来跳去，不能专心而且恬不知耻。比如，他常常把瑞比的胡萝卜园弄得乱七八糟却毫不在乎。

　　Piglet: General Anxiety Disorder. He is always scared and anxious about everything, which is apparent in the way his ears twitch⁹.

　　小猪患有焦虑症。他总是担心害怕周遭的一切，这点从他耳朵抽动的方式上就看得出来。

　　Nearly 5 million American children and adolescents suffer from a serious mental disorder, according to the US Surgeon General.

　　一份美国卫生总署发布的调查报告显示，有大约5百万的美国儿童和青少年患有严重的精神疾病。

　　Tom and Jerry 《猫和老鼠》

　　Do you remember the heavy-set middle-aged¹⁰ black maid Mammy Two Shoes in Tom and Jerry, whose life consists of cleaning up around the house and threatening to throw Tom out?

　　你还记得《猫和老鼠》中那个中年黑人胖女佣“两只鞋太太”吗?她的生活就是整日收拾房间并威胁汤姆要把他扔出去。

　　Well, she is one of the reasons why the classic cartoon is criticized for being racist¹¹.

　　而正是这位黑人女佣使得这部经典卡通片被批具有种族歧视观念。

　　Also, there are scenes featuring Tom or Jerry with their faces blacked up, a style of entertainment based on racist Black stereotypes¹² in the 1940s.

　　此外，在很多场景中汤姆或杰瑞都以满脸黑乎乎的形象出现，在20世纪40年代，这是基于种族歧视对于黑人的成见而衍生出的一种娱乐方式。

　　For example, to impress a female cat, Tom grabs Jerry and blows cigar smoke in his face, giving Jerry a black face.

　　比如，为了吸引母猫的注意，汤姆就会抓住杰瑞并抽一口雪茄然后将烟雾吐在他脸上，弄得杰瑞满脸黑乎乎的。

　　And every time Tom gets blown up with dynamite¹³ his face is shown with red or orange lips and a black face.

　　每次被炸药炸到，汤姆展现的形象就是黑黑的脸上露出红色或橘黄色的嘴唇。

　　Some scenes featuring black faces were later edited out, and the character of Mammy Two Shoes got a complete makeover–she was changed into a Caucasian woman.

　　现在，一些带有黑色面孔的场景在后期制作中被删掉了，两只鞋太太一角已经完成了大变身，被换成了一位白人女性。

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