新GRE填空三空练习题
时间：2015-06-11 03:13:52
（单词翻译:单击）
1. In Democracies and its Critics, Robert Dahl defends both democratic value and pluralist democracies, or polyarchies. Dahl argues convincingly that the idea of democracy rests on political equality—the equality capacity of all citizens to determine or (i)___ collective decisions. Of course, as Dahl recognizes, if hierarchical ordering is (ii)___ in any structure of government, and if no society can guarantee perfect equality in the resources that may give rise to political influence, the democratic principle of political equality is (iii)___ of full realization2. So actual systems can be deemed democratic only as approximations to the ideal.
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A differ profoundly D reverse G distinction
2. Although the legal systems of England and the United States are superficially similar, they (i)___in their approaches to and uses of legal reasons:
substantive7 reasons in the United States, whereas in England the (ii) ___ is true. This (iii)___ reflects a difference in the visions of law that prevail in the two counties. In England the law has traditionally been viewed as a system of rules; the United States favors a vision of law as an outward expression of the community’s sense of right and justice.
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C incorporate F neutral I possible
3. Although some
censure12 became (i)___ during the 1980s, Dahl himself seems to support some of such earlier criticism. Although he (ii)___ that some Western intellectuals demand more democracy from polyarchies than is possible, he nevertheless ends his book by asking what changes in structures and consciousness might make political life more (iii)___ in present polyarchies.
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A a
fixed13 number of D revolution H reproduction of older ones
4. A major tenet of the neurosciences has been that all neurons (nerve cells) in the brains of vertebrate animals are formed early in development. An adult vertebrate, it was believed, must make do with (i)___ neurons: those lost through (ii)___ or injury are not replaced, and adult learning takes place not through generation of new cells but through (iii)___ among existing ones.
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A characterized D monocratic G reveals
C overruled F democratic I approves
5. Evidence that the
defendant18 in a criminal
prosecution19 has a prior conviction may (i)___ jurors to presume the defendant’s
guilt20, because of their preconception that a person
previously21 convicted of a crime must be inclined toward repeated criminal behavior. That commonly held belief is at least a (ii)___; not all former convicts engage in repeated criminal behavior. Also, jury may give more probative weight than objective analysis would allow to vivid photographic evidence
depicting22 a shooting victim’s wounds, or may (iii)___ the weight of
defense23 testimony24 that is not delivered in a
sufficiently25 forceful or
persuasive26 manner.
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A
stimulate27 D partial distortion of reality G underestimate
B
deter1 E vivid reflection of imagination H exaggerate
C participate F precise calculation of certainty I reflect
6. The usage suggests that the creation and critical
interpretation28 of literature are not (i)___ but mechanical processes; that the author of any piece of writing is not (ii)___ artist, but merely a
laborer29 who cobbles existing materials (words) into more or less conventional structures. The term deconstruction implies that the text has been put together like a building or a piece of
machinery30, and that it is in need of being taken apart, not so much in order to (iii)___ it as to demonstrate
underlying31 inadequacies, false assumptions, and inherent contradictions.
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C organic F an inspired I construct
7. Most psychologists,
perplexed34 by the feelings they acknowledge are aroused by
aesthetic35 experience, have claimed that these emotions are genuine, but different in kind from nonaesthetic emotions. This, however, is (i)___ rather than an empirical observation and consequently lacks explanatory value. On the other hand, Gombrich argues that emotional responses to art are (ii)___; art triggers remembrances of previously experienced emotions. These debates have prompted the psychologist Radford to argue that people do experience real
melancholy36 or joy in responding to art, but that these are (iii)___ responses
precisely37 because people know they are reacting to illusory
stimuli38.
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8. Until recently many
astronomers44 believed that
asteroids46 travel about the solar system (i)___ satellites. These astronomers assumed this because they considered
asteroid45-satellite systems inherently (ii)___. Theoreticians could have told them otherwise: even
minuscule47 bodies in the solar system can theoretically have satellites, as long as everything is in proper scale. If a
bowling48 ball were orbiting about the Sun in the asteroid belt, it could have a
pebble49 orbiting it as far away as a few hundred
radii50 (or about 50 meters) (iii)___ the pebble to the Sun’s gravitational pull.
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C unparalleled by F soporific I as well as easing
9. For
analytical54 purposes (i)___ political conduct has traditionally been divided into two categories. However, there are some common crimes that are so (ii)___ from a political act that the entire
offense55 is regarded as political. These crimes, which are called "(iii)___" political
offenses56, are generally nonextraditable.
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A salutary D unpredictable G aristocracy
10. Social democracy is a general
ethical59 ideal, looking to human (i)___ and
brotherhood60, and inconsistent, in its
radical61 form, with such institutions as the family and (ii)___ property. Democratic government, on the contrary, is merely a means to an end, an (iii)___ for the better and smoother government of certain states at certain
junctures62. It involves no special ideals of life; it is a question of policy, namely, whether the general interest will be better served by granting all people an equal voice in elections.
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A illegal D inseparable G ambiguous
B political E distinct H vague
C licit F capricous I relative
答案：ADH CDI AFH BDI AEG ADI CFH AEH BEG ADG
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