A Good Diet 正确的减肥饮食
by Lars Berry
Diet fads are always coming and going. Almost every month, there's a hot new way to lose weight and get _(1)_. In 2003, the Atkins Diet (also known as the Atkins Nutritional Approach) reached _(2)_ a high popularity that almost 1 in 10 Americans was using it to lose weight.
Dr. Atkins believed that obesity had become a problem in the Western world because people were _(3)_ too many carbohydrates. Through many trials, Dr. Atkins found that lowering carbohydrate intake helped patients lose weight and stay healthy. Atkins also claimed that too much _(4)_ was laid on fatty foods for America's obesity problems, and that the real culprits were carbohydrates.
Controversy over the real health benefits of Dr. Atkins' methods came about when some patients _(5)_ suffering from heart disease. Elevated protein intake from fatty meats was most likely the problem. One dieter even attempted to sue Atkins after he underwent heart surgery for conditions which he believed were caused by use of the Atkins Diet.
A good diet is more than likely based on a balanced intake of food and daily exercise. It doesn't need to be complicated. Foods high _(6)_ fat or sugar should only be eaten occasionally. Fruits, vegetables, fish, and lean meats are excellent daily sources of the nutrition we need to _(7)_ healthy lives. People who want to avoid the need for extreme diets should exercise every day and eat a logical, healthy balance of foods.
1. (A) in shape (B) in favor (C) in place (D) in fashion
2. (A) so (B) too (C) rather (D) such
3. (A) purchasing (B) overspending (C) consuming (D) outweighing
4. (A) error (B) blame (C) guilt (D) charge
5. (A) set off (B) passed out (C) ended up (D) took over
6. (A) at (B) in (C) for (D) with
7. (A) lead (B) guide (C) bear (D) follow
原来如此
1. Almost every month, there's a hot new way to lose weight and get in shape.
理由:
a. (A) in shape 健康∕身体状况良好
out of shape 健康∕身体状况不好
例: Ed goes jogging each morning in the hope of getting in shape.
（艾德每天晨跑就是希望身体健康。）
(B) in favor 受欢迎
例: This kind of music has been in favor for a couple of years.
（这种音乐已经流行好几年了。）
(C) in place 在适当的位置；就定位
例: Glen spent three hours putting his books in place.
（葛兰花了 3 个小时将书籍归位。）
(D) in fashion 流行的
out of fashion 退流行，不流行
b. 根据语意，可知应选 (A)。
2. In 2003, the Atkins Diet...reached such a high popularity that almost 1 in 10 Americans was using it to lose weight.
理由:
a. so + adj./adv. + that 子句 如此……以致于……
例: What Jack said angered Ruth so much that her face turned red.
（杰克说的话让鲁思气得脸都红了。）
b. too + adj./adv. + to V 太……而无法……
例: Julie is too stubborn to listen to our advice.
（茱莉太固执了，听不进我们的劝告。）
c. such + a/an + adj. + N + that 子句 如此……以致于……
例: Alice is such a nice girl that everyone likes her.
（艾丽斯真是个好女孩，每个人都喜欢她。）
d. 空格后有名词词组 a high popularity（非常流行、大受欢迎），故根据上述，仅 such 置入后符合用法，故选 (D)。
3. Dr. Atkins believed that obesity had become a problem in the Western world because people were consuming too many carbohydrates.
理由:
a. (A) purchase vt. 购买
(B) overspend vt. 超支，透支
(C) consume vt. 吃掉，喝掉；消耗
例: We consumed too much water before the drought and had to resort to rationing.
（干旱前我们用掉太多水，结果不得不实施分区停水。）
(D) outweigh vt. 胜过；重于
例: Under the new plan, the risks outweigh the benefits.
（实施那项新计划的风险大于利益。）
b. 根据语意，可知应选 (C)。
4. Atkins also claimed that too much blame was laid on fatty foods for America's obesity problems, and that the real culprits were carbohydrates.
理由:
a. (A) error n. 错误，失误
(B) blame n. 责任
lay/put the blame on... 把责任推到……身上
例: The truck driver put the blame on me for the car accident.
（那名卡车司机把车祸的责任推到我身上。）
(C) guilt n. 犯罪；内疚
(D) charge n. 费用；控告
b. "lay the blame on..." 为固定用法（本句中为被动语态），故选 (B)。其余均不合用法而不可选。
5. Controversy over the real health benefits of Dr. Atkins' methods came about when some patients ended up suffering from heart disease.
理由:
a. (A) set off 出发，启程（= set out）
(B) pass out 昏倒（= faint）
例: Sally passed out when she heard the bad news.
（莎莉听到那个坏消息就昏倒了。）
(C) end up + V-ing 到头来∕结果……
注意:
end up 视作不完全不及物动词，故之后可接现在分词作补语。
例: The gambler ended up losing everything.
（这个赌徒到头来失去了一切。）
(D) take over... 接管∕接掌……
例: Betty is going to take over her father's business.
（贝蒂将会接管父亲的事业。）
b. 根据语意及用法，可知应选 (C)。
6. Foods high in fat or sugar should only be eaten occasionally.
理由:
a. 本空格测试下列固定用法：
be high in... 富含……
= be rich in...
be low in... ……的含量低
例: This fruit is high in calcium but low in potassium.
（这种水果含有丰富的钙质，但钾的含量却很低。）
＊ potassium n. 钾
b. 根据上述，可知 (B) 应为正选 。
7. Fruits, vegetables, fish, and lean meats are excellent daily sources of the nutrition we need to lead healthy lives.
理由:
a. (A) lead + a/an + adj. + life
= live + a/an + adj. + life
过着……的生活
例: My grandparents led very simple, unremarkable lives.
（我的祖父母过着非常简单、平凡的生活。）
(B) guide vt. 带领
(C) bear vt. 承担；忍受
例: Mark can't bear to hear babies cry.
（马克受不了听到婴儿的哭声。）
(D) follow vt. 跟随
b. 根据语意及用法，可知应选 (A)。
精解字词词组
1. come and go 来来去去；时有时无
例: Boyfriends come and go, but a sister is forever.
（男朋友来来去去，但姊妹永远是姊妹。）
2. trial n. 试验；审判
be on trial (for...) （因……）接受审判
例: That murderer is soon to be on trial for killing his wife.
（那名谋杀犯即将因杀妻接受审判。）
3. come about 发生
例: Do you know how this tragedy came about?
（你知道这场悲剧是怎么发生的吗？）
4. suffer from... 罹患……（疾病）
例: She suffers from a mild case of nearsightedness.
（她患有轻度的近视。）
5. elevated a. 提高的
elevate vt. 提升；提高
例: That scholar has been elevated to godlike status.
（那名学者被捧得像神一样。）
6. sue vt. 控告
sue sb for... 因……控告某人
例: The patient sued the doctor for giving him the wrong medicine.
（病人控告医生开错药方。）
7. undergo vt. 接受（手术）；经历
三态为：undergo, underwent, undergone。
例: Brett underwent surgery on his knee last week.
（布莱特上星期动了膝盖手术。）
8. occasionally adv. 偶尔
= on occasion
例: Everyone who works hard should occasionally take breaks.
（每个辛勤工作的人都应该偶尔找个时间休息一下。）
文法一点灵
One dieter even attempted to sue Atkins after he underwent heart surgery for conditions which he believed were caused by use of the Atkins Diet.
（一位减肥者在接受心脏手术后，甚至打算控告艾特金斯博士，他相信自己的症状是使用了艾特金斯减肥法所造成的。）
注意:
在形容词子句中，关系代名词之后可置入插入语，且此关系代名词不受插入语的影响。插入语的形式为：
主词 + 表认知的动词（believe、think、feel、know、consider、find 等）
例: Ted is the man whom I think committed the crime. (╳)
→ Ted is the man who I think committed the crime. (○)
（我认为泰德就是犯下那桩罪行的人。）
单字小铺
1. fad n. 一时的流行，风尚
2. nutritional a. 营养的
3. obesity n. 肥胖
obese a. 肥胖的
4. carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物
5. intake n.（食物、饮料等的）摄取量
6. fatty a. 脂肪多的；油腻的
7. culprit n. 问题的起因；罪犯
8. controversy n. 争论，争议
controversial a. 有争议的
9. benefit n. 利益；好处
10. protein n. 蛋白质
11. surgery n. 外科手术
12. balanced a. 均衡的
13. complicated a. 复杂的
14. lean a.（肉）瘦的，脂肪少的 & n. 瘦肉
15. nutrition n. 营养
16. logical a. 合理的；合乎逻辑的
illogical a. 不合理的；不合逻辑的
词组小铺
1. lose weight 减重
gain weight 增重
2. attempt to V 企图∕试图（做）……
中文翻译
节食的风潮总是来来去去，几乎每个月都会有一种热门的新式减肥健身法出现。在 2003 年时，艾特金斯饮食法（又称『艾特金斯食肉减肥法』）广为流行，几乎每 10 个美国人中就有一位使用该方法减肥。
艾特金斯博士相信，肥胖之所以成为西方世界的问题是因为人们摄取过多碳水化合物。经过多次试验，他发现减少碳水化合物的摄取有助于肥胖患者减重并保持健康。艾特金斯博士还宣称，许多人把美国人肥胖的原因怪罪于高脂肪的食物，但造成肥胖的真正元凶其实是碳水化合物。
有些减肥者后来罹患心脏病，艾特金斯食肉减肥法是否有益健康遂引发争议。因食用高脂肪肉类而摄取过多蛋白质最有可能是问题所在。一位减肥者在接受心脏手术后，甚至打算控告艾特金斯博士，他相信自己的症状是使用了艾特金斯饮食法所造成的。
正确的饮食习惯莫过于均衡饮食加上每天运动，就这么简单。富含脂肪和糖类的食物偶尔吃吃就好。水果、蔬菜、鱼肉和瘦肉是最佳的食物来源，能供应身体所需的营养，让我们享有健康的生活。想要避免激进节食的人应该每天运动，并摄取合理且健康均衡的食物。
标准答案: 1. (A) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (C) 6. (B) 7. (A)
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