President Dmitri Medvedev is again proposing major international economic reforms even as he acknowledges that over-reliance on extractive industries, corruption, and inflation are hampering modernization of the Russian economy.
俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫再次提议进行重大国际经济改革，他同时承认过份依赖采掘工业、腐败、以及通货膨胀阻碍了俄罗斯经济的现代化。
In his keynote address to the annual Saint Petersburg Economic Forum, President Medvedev called for new standards to regulate international financial markets, new rules of energy cooperation, new reserve currencies, including the Russian ruble, and new financial institutions
梅德韦杰夫在圣彼得堡举行的国际经济论坛上发表了主题讲话。他呼吁制定新的标准管理国际金融市场并制定新的能源合作规定，同时设立包括俄罗斯卢布在内的新的国际储备货币，以及设立新的国际金融机构。
Mr. Medvedev says these should, in the final analysis, be fundamentally new institutions, that will not be dominated by individual political plots, motives, governments or countries.
梅德韦杰夫说，最后的结论是，这些都应该进行根本的改变，是全新的机构。这些机构不应该因为某个政治预谋、动机而设立， 也不应该被某几个政府或是国家所控制。
Russian leaders have been pushing the idea of replacing existing international financial institutions and reserve currencies over the past year. Economic expert Yevgeny Volk, director of the Heritage Foundation in Moscow, told VOA the Kremlin proposals are motivated in part by a desire to reduce U.S. global economic influence. He notes, however, that the Russian economy is only one-fifth the size of America's.
过去一年来，俄罗斯领导人一直在推动建立新的国际金融机构和储备货币来替代现行的机构和储备货币。莫斯科传统基金会的经济专家叶夫根尼.沃尔克(Yevgeny Volk)在接受美国之音采访时说，克里姆林宫提出这些提议的部分动机是希望减少美国的全球经济影响力。不过，他指出，俄罗斯的经济只是美国经济的五分之一。
Today's Kremlin rulers, says Volk, want to reinforce their superpower ambitions in the political arena, and the economic aspect involves showing that the ruble is capable of an international role, which would simultaneously demonstrate that Russia is a great nation.
沃尔克说，克里姆林宫现在的统治者希望重申他们在政治领域的勃勃野心。经济方面，他们希望展示卢布也能够在世界舞台上发挥作用，而且这将显示俄罗斯是一个伟大的国家。
President Medvedev told the Forum that Russia is in a relatively early stage of economic development, relies too heavily on extractive industries, and is mired in centuries of corruption. He said his country has a critical need to develop an intellectual or knowledge-based economy. This, he notes, would require dominance of the middle class, ability to react to a rapidly changing world, active entrepreneurs, and a mobile society.
梅德韦杰夫说，俄罗斯现在处于经济发展的相对早期阶段。俄罗斯经济过份依赖采掘工业，几个世纪以来一直都受到腐败的影响。他说，发展知识经济对俄罗斯非常有必要。他指出，要实现这个目的，俄罗斯中产阶级必须居于主导地位，俄罗斯必须有能力应对日新月异的世界，必须有一个活跃的创业者群体，必须有一个流动的社会。
The Russian leader says every person must understand a rather simple thing: it is necessary to become more mobile, sometimes changing jobs and even location to ensure the comfort of families and the education of children.
梅德韦杰夫说，每个人都必须明白一个相当简单的道理。俄罗斯的社会必须更加具有流动性，有时候，为了确保家庭生活的舒适和孩子的教育，可以换工作或是移居到别的地方。
But Yevgeny Volk says Kremlin talk of diversification and mobility amounts to sloganeering. He says ordinary Russians are reluctant to move, and notes their government has not taken concrete steps that would encourage them to do so.
但是，沃尔克说，梅德韦杰夫谈到的多样化和流动性只是空谈。他说，俄罗斯的老百姓不太愿意迁居。他还指出， 政府也没有采取具体措施鼓励老百姓这么做。
Volk says the Russian housing market is at a beginning stage, and living conditions differ sharply in various regions of the country. The European part of Russia, he says, is more developed, but the infrastructure needed for civilized work is virtually non-existent in those areas most in need of labor - Siberia, the Far East and in sparsely populated areas.
沃尔克说，俄罗斯的房屋市场刚刚开始，不同地区的居住环境差异很大。他说，在俄罗斯，位于欧洲境内的地区较为发达，但是在西伯利亚、远东以及其他人口稀少的地区，民用基础设施建设基本上不存在，而且这些地区也缺少劳力。
For the foreseeable future, the Russian economy is likely to rely on energy exports and the global price of oil. Deputy Prime Minister Igor Sechin told the Saint Petersburg Forum that $75 per barrel is a fair price, but warned it could hit $150 dollars within three years if investments are not made to increase production.
在可预见的未来，俄罗斯经济很可能继续依赖能源出口并受到国际原油价格的影响。俄罗斯副总理谢琴在圣彼得堡国际经济论坛上说，石油的合理价格是每桶75美元，但是，他同时警告说，如果不加大投资增加产量，三年内石油价格可能会上涨到每桶150美元。 |