[00:06.44]momentous and radical but invisible to most of us, 是翻天覆地的,但却不为我们所知
[00:09.96]’cause who knows a farmer anymore? 现在有谁还认识农民?
[00:11.64]But their way of life 但是人们的生活方式
[00:15.64]has been revolutionized. 确实发生了革命性的变化
[00:18.92]从种子到超级市场 （见识一下孟山都可以说是罪大恶极的操控手段）
[00:40.92]Roush: 10,000 years ago, 1万年前
[00:42.24]farmers started saving their best seeds 处于农耕社会的人们开始保存最好的种子
[00:43.08]and planted again in the following year. 用于下一年继续耕种
[00:45.76]That’s how seeds have been developed. 选种技术就是这么发展起来的
[00:48.76]That’s how corn was developed 借助这种技术
[00:49.28]from a useless grass for the most part 玉米从一种基本上没什么用的杂草 TROY ROUSH：美国谷物种植协会副主席
[00:52.96]to the extremely productive plant it is today. 变成了今天用途多种多样的农作物
[00:57.48]Pollan: The idea that any corporation could own a food crop 一家公司可拥有一种粮食作物的所有权
[00:58.32]is a very new idea. It wasn’t until the 1980s 是一个新的概念,出现于20世纪80年代
[01:02.00]that the Supreme Court said you could patent life. 最高法院裁说你可以对生物体进行专利
[01:06.68]efforts to patent the most valuable parts of life, 各种企业争夺一种最重要的生物体的专利
[01:08.68]which is to say the crops on which we depend. 也就是我们赖以生存的农作物
[01:11.36]Roush: Monsanto is a chemical company. 孟山都是一家化工产品公司
[01:15.40]They produced DDT, Agent Orange in Vietnam, 主要生产滴滴涕(杀虫药)和越战中使用的橘剂(落叶剂)
[01:19.72]and then they developed a product called "Roundup." 后来他们研发了一种叫"农达"的除草剂
[01:23.40]We started hearing rumblings about genetically-engineered soybeans 接着,我们开始开始听说有一种经基因改造的大豆
[01:26.76]that could resist the application of Roundup. 可以不受农达伤害
[01:31.76]When the Roundup was sprayed over top of it, 当农达喷洒在大豆田里
[01:33.64]except for this Roundup Ready soybean. 除了这些能专门抵抗农达的大豆
[01:33.96]it killed every weed out there 其他的杂草都被清除掉
[01:38.08]1996年，当孟山都开始销售 “抗农达大豆”时全美只有2%的大豆 含有孟山都的专利基因，截止到2008年 全美已有90%的大豆都含有孟山都的专利基因
[01:53.20]Roush: I can remember when the first prohibition 我还记得当获得种子专利权的公司
[01:54.04]against seed saving came into being. 第一次禁止农民保留种子的时候
[01:56.88]Most farmers were just 大部分的农民
[01:59.72]absolutely disgusted with the whole concept. 都对这种做法感到厌恶
[02:02.24]It’s been interesting over the course 但是,很有趣的是
[02:05.60]of 11 years to watch us go 在其后的11年里面
[02:09.60]from utter contempt for the notion 我们对禁止保留种子的态度
[02:11.60]that we can’t save our own seed 从蔑视变成了
[02:13.76]to acceptance. 默默接受
[02:15.12]Man: What happens if a farmer 如果农民保留了种子
[02:15.64]saves the seeds? 那会怎么样?
[02:18.64](chuckles)
[02:20.16]Well, you know, really there’s 嗯,你知道
[02:23.64]only one company involved in this now 其实现在只有一家公司这么做
[02:25.68]and that’s Monsanto. 就是孟山都
[02:30.68]Monsanto is... 孟山都公司
[02:38.40]They’ve got a team of private investigators 他们雇用了一帮调查员
[02:41.24]that kind of roam the country 在全国各地游走
[02:42.72]and they’ve got a little 1-800 hotline 还设立了一个800热线电话
[02:45.08]they take calls on. If they get a call 他们要是接到有电话说
[02:49.92]and somebody alleges that somebody saved seed, 有人私下保留种子
[02:50.76]they’ll send an investigator out to look into the matter. 他们就会派调查员去调查
[03:00.64]If you save your own seed, you’re gonna get a call 要是你保留了种子,孟山都公司
[03:02.64]from somebody from Monsanto. 就会派人给你打电话 之所以他说的这么隐晦， 是因为在美国没人敢惹孟山都， 敢直言揭露它的阴暗丑陋
[03:06.80]孟山都有一支75人的“小分队” 专门来调查和检举(不听话的)农场主 消息来源——美国食品安全中心
[03:18.20]被抓到“保留种子”的任何人 都会遭受“专利侵权”的调查
[03:25.08]David Runyon: Two men drove in my driveway 大概晚上7点还是7点半左右
[03:28.92]at 7:00, 7:30 at night, 有两个人开车到我家
[03:29.40]presented a black card to me 出示一张黑色卡片
[03:30.08]and they never told me that they were from Monsanto. 不过他们从来没有说过自己是孟山都公司派来的
[03:33.76]Man: They said that they had had a surveillance team, 他们说他们有一个负责监视的小组
[03:38.44]caught me cleaning beans. 发现我在清洗豆子
[03:42.48]Moe Parr: I found it necessary to get up 从此之后,
[03:42.96]at 3:00 and 4:00 in the morning 我必须在早上3点到4点起床
[03:43.64]before the investigators are on the road following me. 以避开这些调查员的跟踪
[03:50.32]Runyon: They were-- 看起来
[03:51.36]I’m gonna say maybe ex-military or ex-police. 我觉得他们是当过兵或者做过警察的
[03:54.20]They were large and they were intimidating. 他们很高大,态度像是在恐吓
[03:56.36]Man: I don’t know whether they had their surveillance team 我不知道他们是不是真的有监视小组
[04:00.36]or whether it was my neighbor that turned me in. I don’t know. 或者是我的邻居把我告发了,我不知道
[04:02.72]Now as I turned to walk in the house, one of them said-- 当我转身走回屋里的时候,他们其中一个说"他心虚了"
[04:04.72]I could hear in the back-- "He’s guilty." 我背着他都能听得到他说的话
[04:13.48]MOE PARR：种子清洗农夫 种子清洗是种子保存的必要过程
[04:32.52]Moe的机器可以清除残损的种子 以便其余的保存好到来年进行播种
[04:36.52]Runyon: It’s a real ingenious device designed back in the 1800s, 种子清洗机,19世纪的一个伟大发明
[04:42.04]and Monsanto’s gonna close all of them out. 孟山都想要让它们都消失
[04:51.76]So how many seed cleaners are out there 你觉得现在全国
[04:53.08]in the country do you think? 有多少台种子清洗机?
[04:55.92]In the state of Indiana, there may be six. 在印第安那州的话,大概6台
[04:57.76]Maybe. I’m not aware of-- 只是也许,我没有具体数过
[04:59.28]- How many there used to be? - Oh my golly. Every county had three. -过去有多少台? -那可不得了,每个镇上都有3台 |