Conflict, unsustainable government debt and the need for new ways to tackle global challenges in a post-crisis era are among the key issues as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund gear up for the groups' Spring meeting in Washington next week. Complicating prospects for the uneven global economic recovery is the turmoil in the Middle East and quake devastation to the world's third largest economy.
暴力冲突、巨额债务，以及应对后危机时代全球性挑战所需的新的路径...这些都是世界银行和国际货币基金组织春季会议面对的主要问题。此外，中东的动荡局势，以及地震给世界第三大经济体带来的灾难，也使得原本就不平衡的全球复苏的前景更为复杂。
Unforeseen events, including the massive quake and tsunami in Japan that triggered a man-made nuclear disaster - and the political unrest that has roiled the Middle East and North Africa are expected to loom large as members of the World Bank and IMF gather in Washington.
世界银行和国际货币基金组织的成员在华盛顿召开今年的春季会议，象日本强震和海啸这样无法预见的天灾，及其触发的核灾难，再加上席卷中东和北非的政治动荡等问题，都成为与会者关注的焦点。
"I think they'll be an important focus, precisely because the developments there are not only critical for people of the region but they have the possibility of having enormous global implications as well," said Marcus Noland, deputy director at the Peterson Institute for International Economics.
华盛顿智囊机构彼得森国际经济研究所副所长马库斯·诺兰(Marcus Noland)说：“我认为这些都是关注的焦点，因为那些地区的发展状况不仅关系到当地人民，还有可能造成巨大的全球性影响。”
Among the implications is the rapid spike in oil prices and its potential to trigger another global economic slowdown. Although the world economy is projected to grow at a moderate pace this year, IMF chief Dominique Strauss-Kahn, said the recovery remains lopsided, with China and other emerging economies growing faster than Western economies.
这些影响包括骤然上涨的石油价格，以及由此可能引发的另一场全球经济衰退。尽管世界经济今年预期会以温和的步伐增长，但国际货币基金组织总裁施特劳斯-卡恩(Dominique Strauss-Kahn)说，复苏仍然不平衡，中国和其他新兴经济体的增长速度比西方国家快。
"Beyond Japan and more for a longer term, the question of European countries is certainly an important one," he said. "Some of these countries are at crossroads because of sovereign debt problems, because of financial sector problems."
施特劳斯-卡恩说：“欧洲国家面临着切实重要的问题，而且比起日本，这是个更为长远的问题。这些国家中，有些因为主权债务问题，或者金融部门的问题，现在正处在一个十字路口。”
Ahead of the meeting, Portugal, one of the poorest countries in the eurozone, is now the third EU country to ask for a bailout to deal with its crippling debt. Economists say other countries could follow.
会议之前，在欧元区位居最穷之列的葡萄牙，成为欧盟中第三个因沉重债务而申请救援的国家。经济学家说，其他国家也有可能陷入同样境地。
Strauss-Kahn said the challenges will require even greater cooperation among member countries.
施特劳斯-卡恩说，这些挑战需要成员国之间更为广泛地合作。
"The momentum, the willingness to work together - still there, but not as strong as it has been two years ago and that's a big worry for me because cooperation is obviously something that we need, he said.
他说：“这样的势头，还有协同工作的愿望，都还存在，但却没有两年前那么强烈了。这是我担心的一个大问题，因为我们所需要的正是合作。”
World Bank President Robert Zoellick proposes a new social contract - one that considers the impact of global policies on the lives of individual citizens.
世界银行行长罗伯特·佐利克(Robert Zoellick)提出了一个新的社会契约 - 也就是将全球性政策的影响跟个体公民的生活划上等号。
"Our message to our clients, whatever their political system, is that you cannot have successful development without good governance and without the participation of your citizens," he said.
他说：“我们要传达给各国的信息是，无论他们有什么样的政治体制，如果没有良好的管治，没有国民的参与，那么你就不可能成功地发展。”
"They have to do a couple of things," said Marcus Noland of the Peterson Institute. "The IMF in particular needs to continue on the agenda that was laid out at the Seoul G20 summit and then will be continuing on to the Cannes Summit later this year of internal reforms in their own governance as well as strengthening the global financial system and particularly how it relates to developing countries responding to financial crises."
彼得森国际经济研究所的经济学家诺兰说：“他们需要做两件事。国际货币基金组织特别需要继续沿着首尔20国集团首脑会议所设定的议程走，然后到今年晚些时候举行戛纳峰会时，进而延伸到各国针对自身管治进行的内部改革，以及加强全球金融体系，尤其是如何使它能够与发展中国家应对金融危机结合起来。”
Zoellick said inaction poses as great a risk as taking the wrong actions. He's urging governments in the Middle East to deliver quick reforms that will increase employment while longer term strategies are developed. The IMF is expected to stress the importance of regulatory reforms to improve global financial stability and narrow the gap between rich and poor.
佐利克说，无所作为和错误的行为同样会带来巨大的风险。他敦促中东地区的政府迅速改革，在增加就业的同时制订出更为长远的发展策略。国际货币基金组织则强调为提高全球金融系统的稳定性而进行监管改革，以及缩小贫富差距的重要性。 |