Lesson 47
pollution
污染
Pollution is the price we pay for over populated,over-industrialized planet.
污染就是我们为了这个人口过密，过度工业化的星球所付出的代价。
A pollution warning system is being established.
正在建立一个污染报警系统。
Such music is pollution to the ear.
这样的音乐是对耳朵的污染。
sheer
纯粹的，不掺杂的
We keep trying all four methods,
我们一直在尝试这四种方式，
but the sheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide threatens to overwhelm us.
然而单单是地球上产生的垃圾就足以让我们手足无措了。
The simplest way of listening to musis
听音乐最简单的方法
is to listen for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound itself.
就是聆听音符带来的那纯粹的愉悦。
worldwide
在全世界，世界范围
Interest in computer business is now worldwide.
计算机行业现在受到全世界的关注。
The brand has become worldwide famous.
这个品牌成了全球知名品牌。
overwhelm
制服，压垮
The work has overwhelmed them a bit.
这份工作让他们有点招架不住了。
We are overwhelmed with excitement.
我们极为兴奋。
pollute
污染
Rubbish,however,is only part of the problem of polluting our planet.
然而，垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。
Industries pollute rivers by dumping poisonous chemicals into them.
工业企业向河流倾倒的有毒化学物质，污染了水源。
pesticide
杀虫剂
The use of pesticides and fertilizers produces cheap grain and vegetables.
使用杀虫剂和化肥的结果是生产出了廉价的谷物和蔬菜。
Some of the pesticides are essential for protecting human and animal health.
有些杀虫剂对保护人类及动物健康起着至关重要的作用。
Airplanes spread pesticides on crops.
飞机级庄稼喷洒杀虫剂。
fertilizer
肥料
Fertilizer modify the composition of herbage.
化肥可改变牧草的组成。
Money was needed for seeds,fertilizer.
需要钱买种子、化肥。
salmonella
沙门氏菌
The price we pay for cheap food may be already too high:
为了廉价食品我们已经付出了高昂的代价牛的疯牛病，
Mad Cow Disease (BSE) in cattle.salmonella in chicken and eggs.
鸡肉和鸡蛋中的沙门氏菌，
and listeria in dairy products.
奶制品中的利斯特杆菌。
listeria
利斯特杆菌
vegetarian
素食主义者
And if you think you'll abandon meat and become a vegetarian,
如果你想戒荤做素食者，
you have choice of very expensive organically grown vegetables,
那么你有两种选择，要么食用价格昂贵、有机培植的蔬菜；
or a steady diet of pesticides
要么食用无所不在的杀虫剂——
every time you think you're eating fresh salads and vegetables,
你认为你吃的是新鲜色拉，新鲜蔬菜，
or just having an innocent glass of water.
喝的是纯净水，事实上你是在不停地服用杀虫剂。
A vegetarian is someone who advocates a diet of only vegetables,fruits,grains,and nuts
素食者是那些因为健康原因
as the proper one of all people for reasons of health
或反对杀生的原则主张只吃蔬菜。
or becacuse of principles against the killing of animals.
水果，谷物，坚果的人。
Becoming a vegetarian means you cann rightfully avoid expensive restaurants
当素食者意味着你可以理直气壮地不去昂贵的饭店吃饭，
on the grounds that there is nothing on the menu you can eat.
因为菜单上的东西你没有一样能吃的。
organically grown
有机培植的（不施化肥和其他化学药品培植）
insidious
隐蔽的，潜在的，暗中为害的
However,there is an even more insidious kind of pollution
但是，还有一种更加隐蔽的污染，侵袭着我们的日常生活，
that particularly affects urban areas and invades our daily lives,and that's noise.
对城镇地区的影响尤烈。那就是噪声。
The doctor found the insidious illness before she felt pain.
在她感到疼痛前大夫就已要在她的身上发现了潜伏的病症。
The policy implies insidious dangers to the national economy.
这项政策对国民生活有潜在的危险。
urban
城市
Urban life brought urban refinemints.newspapers and periodicals,
都市生活带来了都市的文化享受，报纸，杂志，
libraries,clubs and societies.
图书馆 俱乐部和社交团体。
Urban areas invariably attempt to command the lion's share of investment in public services.
城市地区总是力图占有公共服务的大部分投资。
burglar
窃贼（尤指夜盗）
Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night
防盗警报器不分昼夜随时都会响起一，除了惊扰行人没有别的用处
serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle.
有时还在事实上掩护了窃贼作案。
Astronomers like burglars and jazz musicians,operate best at night.
天文学家和小偷、爵士乐手一样，晚上工作能出彩。
scream
尖叫
Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street
汽车的报警器动不动在街上发出尖叫，
and are a source of profound irritation.
令人极度烦躁。
The wind screamed over the Gulf and turned the water white.
大风在海湾上空呼啸而过，把海水吹得白浪翻滚。
Her screams are such that would scream the dead out of their graves.
她的尖叫啊，能把死人从坟墓里叫出来。
profound
极度的
He expressed profound contempt for the act.
他对这一行为表示了极度蔑视。
They took a profound interest in the enterprise.
他们对这个企业极感兴趣。
irritation
烦躁
The man merely looked at him in irritation and motioned him to remain silent.
那个人只是不耐烦地看着他，并且示意他不要做声。
These amateur repair jobs were an almost daily irritation.
这种烦人的业余修理工作几乎天天都有。
incessantly
连续不断地
A recent survey of the effects of noise revealed (surprisingly?)
最近一个有关噪声影响的调查（出人意料地？）
that dogs barking incessantly in the night
显示，夜间连续不断的狗吠，
rated the highest form of noise pollution on a scale ranging from 1 to 7.
在从1~7的刻度表上被列为最严重的噪音污染。
The detective rarely spoke during the session but smoked his pipe incessantly.
开会的时候，侦探很少开口，只是不停地抽烟斗。
He would talk incessantly if you give him a litle encouragement.
你只要稍微鼓动他一下，他就会滔滔不绝地说。
while
发呜呜声
Lawn mowers whining on a surmmer 's day,
夏天呜呜作响的锄头草机，
late-night parties in apartment blocks,
公寓楼里深夜聚会的喧哗声，
noisy neighbors,vehicles of all kinds.
在声吵闹的邻居，各式各样的车辆，
especially large container trucks thundering through quiet villages,
特别是穿越寂静村庄的集装箱卡车，
planes and helicopters flying overhead,
从头顶飞过的飞机和直升机，
large radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume.
带到公共场所、音量开到最大的大功率收音机。
They saw Dick come out of the bush with two dogs whining at his heels.
他们看见迪克从灌木丛里出来，身后跟着两条呜呜哀叫的狗。
The pig whined from pain.
猪疼得呜噜噜地叫。
helicopter
直升飞机
The idea of a helicopter was first suggested by Leonardo da Vinci
直升飞机的构想在大约400年前由
some four hundred years ago.
列奥纳多.达.芬奇首先提出的。
A police helicopter rescued passengers on a sinking ship.
一架警方的直升飞机抢救了沉船上的乘客。
maximum
最大的
How,as a bank,do we achieve maximum profit?
我们作为一个银行，怎样获取最大的利润呢？
The maximum punishment for bigamy is said to be two mothers-in-law.
据说重婚者受到的最大惩罚是——两个丈母娘。
technology
技术
New technology has also made its own contribution to noise.
新技术对噪音污染也是功不可没。
IT stands for Information Technology.
IT 代表信息技术。
That college offers courses in medical technology.
那所大学开设医疗技术方面的课程。
contribution
贡献
He founded the fund to honor soldiers and civilians
他设立基金是为了表彰那些
who had made contributions to the country.
对国作作出贡献的军人和平民。
His most important contribution to the subject
他对这个学科最重要的贡献
was to produce a scientiffic classfication.
是建立了科学的分类法。
mobile
可移动的
A lot of people object to mobile phones,
许多人都反对移动电话，
especially when they are used in public places like restaurants or on public transport.
尤其在饭店、公交车等公共场所所使用移动电话。
Victoria broke her leg but is now mobile and can walk with a cane.
维多利亚的腿摔断了，但现在已能活动，可以拄着拐杖走路了。
He lives alone in a mobile home near a lake.
他独自住在湖畔的一座活动房屋里。
snore
打鼾
It turned out to be snoring!
居然是鼾声。
Hong Jian,who and always assumed himself a very graceful sleeper,
鸿渐一向自以为睡得很文静，害羞地说：
was meekly embarassed;"Really?I don't believe it.I never snore."
“真的吗？我不信，我从来不打鼾的。”
There is no way to find out why a snorer can't hear himself snore.
为什么打呼噜的人自己听不见是一个永远无法解开的谜。
offender
罪犯
Men were found to be the worst offenders.
人类是罪魁祸首。
They don't imprison first-time offenders.
他们通常不监禁初次犯罪的人。
The young offender was spared.
年轻的犯人被饶赦了。
staggering
令人惊愕的
This figure rises to a staggering 60% of men in their sixties.
到60岁这个年龄段，这个数字上升到令人惊愕的60%。
The staggering problems of poverty remain unresolved.
令人震惊的贫困问题仍然得不到解决。
He was right in that the country was altering with staggering rapidity.
这个国家当是正以惊人的速度发生变化，这一点他没说错。
trumpet
吹号
Against these figures,it was found that only 5% of women snore regularly,
与这些数字相比，只有95%的女性习惯性地打鼾，
while the rest are constantly woken or kept awake by their trumpeting partners.
而余的95%则不停地补身边那位号角震天的同伴吵醒，或者干脆吵得睡不着。
The wind is trumpeting.
风在呼号。
My dear,your father does not just trumpet;he thunders.
亲爱的，你爸爸不止是吹号，是打雷。
partner
伙伴
If one country gains from trade,does its trading partner lose?
如果某国从贸易中获得了利益，它的贸易伙伴会受到损失吗？
I feel the same way as my partner does.
我跟我的同伴有着同样的感觉。
Lesson 48
Lesson 48
inaccessible
难以接近的，达不到的
In this much-travelled world,
在这个游泳频繁的世界上，
there are still thousands of places which are inaccessible to tourists.
仍有成千上万人迹难至的地方。
The road is blocked,so the town is now inaccessible.
路被堵住了，所以现在进不了城。
hospitable
好客的
We always assume that villagers in remote places are friendly and hospitable.
人们总是以为偏僻地方的村民热情好客。
The chief was so hospitable
酋长十分殷勤好客，
that he invited his guests to join him in the Hall of Ancestors.
甚至请他的客人跟他一块到祖先的灵堂里去。
It does not take much to be a hospitable host.
做一个好客的主人不需要很高的条件。
hostile
不友好的，有敌意的
But people who are cut off not only from foreign tourists
但是，那既不接触外国游客，
but even from their own countrymen can be hostile to travellers.
本国同胞也不来往的人有可能对旅行者抱有敌意。
Generally speaking,the universe is hostile to man.
一般来说，宇宙对人是不友好的。
Billy threw them a hostile glance.
比利的眼光带着敌意。
vicinity
周围，近邻
We had spent several days in a small town
我们在一座小镇上逗留了几天，
and visited a number of old churches in the vicinity.
参观了附近许多古老的教堂。
There are quite a few scenic spots in the vicinity of Beijing.
北京周围有不少风景区。
There,as the other corners in this vicinity,a policeman was stationed.
那儿和这一带其他角落一样，也有一胩警察站岗。
architectural
建筑的
These attracted many visitors,
这些教堂吸引了大批游客，
for they were not only of great archetectural interest,
不仅仅是因为建筑风格奇特，
but contained a large number of beautifully preserved frescoes as well.
而且还有大量保存完好的壁画。
The designer started on some new architectural plans.
设计师开始几项新的设计计划。
These buildings have a strong,simple architectural appeal.
这些大楼具备坚实，朴素的建筑感染力。
fresco
壁画
The medium of fresco makes great demands on a painter's techinical skill.
壁画这种绘画形式对画家的技巧有很高要求。
Michaeangelo's paintings in the Sistine Chapel are the most famous of all frescoes.
米开朗琪罗在西斯廷教堂的壁画是世界上最著名的壁画。
abruptly
突然地，意外地
We expected the path to end abruptly
我们原以为小路会到此为止
but we found that it traced its way throught the trees.
没想到它在树林中继续往前延伸。
They laughed,then fell silent abruptly.
他们大笑了一阵，接着突然不做声了。
He abruptly took his leave.
他突然走了。
tramp
徒步行进
We tramped through the wood for over two hours until we arrived at a deep stream.
我们在林中跋涉了两个多小时来到了一条深深的小溪边。
Maggie tramped with a gypsie to their camp.
麦琪跟着一个吉普赛步行到了他们的营地。
moor
（用绳、链、锚）系（船）
Suddenly my wife spotted a boat moored to the bank.
突然，妻子发现岸边泊着一条不船。
We moored in and waited for a high tide.
我们泊了船，等待涨潮。
Sailors moored their boat to a dock and went onshore.
水手们把船停靠在码头上，上岸去了。
ferry
（用渡船）运
We gently woke him up and asked him to ferry us to the other side.
我们轻轻地把他唤醒，请他把我们摆渡过河。
The fisherman ferries the children to and from school in a boat.
渔夫用船接送孩子上学。
Red cells ferry oxygen throughout the body.
红血球将氧气运送到全身。
straggle
蔓延，散乱分布
The place consisted of a straggling unmade road
这儿有一条未经修筑的弯弯曲曲的道路，
which was lined on either side by small houses.
两边排列着一些矮小的房子。
He looked terrible,rather bald with a straggling beard.
他的样子很可怕、头秃得厉害，胡子乱蓬蓬的。
Houses straggled across the countryside.
房子零乱地散布在乡间。
dilapidated
陈旧破烂的，倒塌的
Sitting down on a dilapidated wooden fence near the field,
我们在田边一堵倒塌的篱笆墙上坐下来，
we opened a couple of tins of sardines and had a picnic lunch.
打开几听沙丁鱼罐头，吃了一顿野外午餐。
In the meantime, the place became dilapidated,
这个时候，这个地方变得破败不堪，
the wind whistled through the cracked walls.
风从裂缝里呼呼地直灌进来。
The pair of dilapidted sandals were beside her chair.
破凉鞋在她的椅子旁边搁着。
sardine
沙丁鱼，沙丁鱼罐头
Sitting down on a dilapidated wooden fence near the field,
我们在田边一堵倒塌的篱笆墙上坐下来，
we opened a couple of tins of sardines and had a picnic lunch.
打开几听沙丁鱼罐头，吃了一顿野外午餐。
His baits were the sardines the boy had given him.
他的鱼饵是孩子们给的沙丁鱼。
The commuters were packed into metro like sardines in a can.
上下班的人把地铁挤得像沙丁鱼罐头一样。
rag
破烂衣服
Looking up I saw that we were surrounded by children in rags
我抬头一看，发现我们被一群衣衫褴褛的小孩团团围住了
who were looking at us silently as we ate.
他们默不作声地看着我们吃饭。
She could not possibly be seen in such a rag.
穿得这么破破烂烂的，叫她怎么见人。
I am fed up with those rag-to-riches story.
那些贫儿暴富的故事我听腻了。
motionless
不动的
We offered them food and spoke to them kindly,but they remained motionless.
我们给他吃东西吃，和气地跟他们讲话，但他们却一动不动。
He stood motionless.
他一动不动地站着。
They became quite motionless,four unwinking eyes aimed and two mouths open.
他们呆若木鸡，瞪着眼，张着嘴。
procession
行列，成队的人群
When we later walked down themain street of the village,
后来，我们村里的主要街道上行走的时候，
we were followed by a silent procession of children.
一队孩子默不作声地跟在我们后面。
The grand procession moves slowly out of the temple.
庄严的游行队伍缓缓地走出庙宇。
shawl
披巾，围巾
Old women in black shawls peered at us from doorways.
裹着黑披巾的老妇人在门口盯着我们。
A naughty girl stood there,wrapped in a huge shawl.
一个淘气的上姑娘裹着一条在围巾站在那儿。
Round his neck he wore a green shawl.
他脖子里围着一条绿色的在披巾。
peer
凝视，盯着
The old gentleman peered at the visitor over his spectacles.
老先生从镜片上方打量客人。
The market people peered at the tourist from their booths.
集市里的人从货棚里盯着游客。
quicken
加快
Turning back down the main street,
我们转身沿着那条大路
we quickened our pace and made our way rapidly towards the stream
快步向溪边走去，
where we hoped the boatman was waiting.
一边希望船夫还在那儿等着我们
His breathing quickened.
他的呼吸急促起来。
Good literature quickens the imagination.
好的文学作品刺激想像力。
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