The latest report on landmines has both good and bad news. It says governments have provided a record level of funding to remove the weapons. But at the same time the use of antipersonnel mines has increased.
刚刚出台的有关地雷的报告中既有好的消息，也有坏的消息。报告说，各国政府去年一年里为扫除地雷提供的经费要多于任何往年。但是在这同时，埋下的专门用来袭击人的地雷的数目反而增多了。
Landmine Monitor 2011 shows funding for mine clearance reached an all-time high last year.
2011年度的[地雷观察]报告显示，去年一年，用于扫除地雷的经费比以往任何时候都要多。
“It’s very good news, particularly with the state of the global economy. We were quite surprised and pleased to record in 2010 the highest level of funding for mine action. And that total is $637 million. So it’s a slight increase from last year, but given the state of the economy it feels just amazing and really shows governments’ commitment to this issue,” said Jacqueline Hansen, the Monitor’s program manager.
杰奎琳·韩森是这一观察项目的负责人。她说：“这是非常好的消息，尤其是介于全球经济目前的状况。2010年是扫除地雷项目获得最多经费的一年，这对我们来说，可以说是一个惊喜。用于这方面的经费总共有6亿3700万美元，虽然比前一年多的幅度不是很大，但是联想到环球经济的总体状况，不得不让人感到欣喜；这也确实凸显了各国政府对这个问题的重视。”
More than 30 donors supported landmine clearing operations.
过去一年里，总共有30多个捐助方为扫除地雷做出了捐献。
“The top five donors are the United States, the European Commission, Japan, Norway and Canada. And they collectively provide over half of all funding,” she said.
韩森女士说：“捐助最多的5个方面分别是：美国、欧洲委员会、日本、挪威和加拿大。他们拿出的资金是总体资金的一半。”
Centimeter by centimeter
About 200 square kilometers of land were cleared of landmines in 2010. That’s the most ever for a single year.
在2010年里，总共有200平方公里的土地被彻底扫除了地雷。这也是一年当中地雷被扫除总数最多的一年。
Hansen said, “Two hundred square kilometers, it’s about five times the size of Paris. It may not sound like a lot for a global total, but when you’re imagining people lying on their bellies on the ground prodding every centimeter looking for mines, suddenly 200 square kilometers sounds awfully big.”
韩森女士说：“200平方公里的土地，相当于5个巴黎那么大。从全球角度来讲，可能不算什么，但是，联想到人们伏在地上，一厘米一厘米地搜寻、清除地雷，200平方公里这个数字，一下子恐怕就显得挺多的了。”
Nearly 390,000 antipersonnel mines and 27,000 anti-vehicle mines were destroyed in 2010.
2010年里，将近有39万个针对人埋的地雷被扫除，同时还有2万零7千个针对车辆埋的地雷被扫除。
Mine clearance is taking place in about 45 countries. The biggest operations are in Afghanistan and Cambodia. But while landmines are being removed, Hansen said more are being buried.
扫除地雷的工作在大约45个国家里进行。运作最集中的是阿富汗和柬埔寨。不过，就在一些地雷被扫除的同时，另外一些同时在被埋下。
“This year we’ve seen an increase in government use of antipersonnel mines. We’ve seen new use in Libya. New use in the past couple months in Israel. Ongoing use in Myanmar. And we have very serious allegations since our report went to print of use in Syria,” she said.
[地雷观察]项目的韩森女士说：“今年一年里，我们看到一些国家的政府使用的专门针对人的地雷的数量增多了。这种情况出现在利比亚，过去几个月里，也出现在以色列，在缅甸，这种情况一直不断。在报告交付印刷之后，我们又听到在叙利亚恐怕情况也很严重。”
Losing legs, arms, lives
The landmine report, released in Bangkok, Thailand, said thousands were killed or injured in 2010.
最近这份有关地雷状况的报告是是泰国首都曼谷出台的。报告说，去年一年里，数以千计的人被地雷杀伤。
“We’ve recorded 4,191new casualties in 2010. But we know that number’s not correct because there’s underreporting in a lot of different countries. Especially in the middle of conflict zones, it’s just difficult to get accurate data. So probably the real number is probably upwards of 6,000. But when we look at what that means in the big picture, it means we have hundreds of thousands of survivors. And that total keeps growing year after year and these people need assistance for the rest of their lives,” Hansen said.
韩森女士说：“2010年里，根据我们的记录，总共有4,191人被地雷炸死。但是我们知道，这个数字实际上并不准确，因为很多国家提供的数字都偏低。尤其是在那些战火燎原的地区，很难得到准确的数字。实际数字可能要高达6000左右。不过，要是从大体上来看的话，这意味着有成千上万的人的生命被挽救下来了。幸存下来的人的数字，逐年在增长，很多幸存下来，但是残废的人，一生都需要护理。”
The Landmine Monitor keeps track of who’s producing the weapons.
韩森女士说，[地雷观察]项目一直在留心哪些国家目前还在生产地雷。
“There are 12 countries that we list as producers of antipersonnel mines, largely because they reserve the right to produce mines. But in terms of mines actually coming off the production lines right now, we believe that there [are] only three countries actively producing – Myanmar/Burma, India and Pakistan,” she said.
她说：“我们列出的生产针对人的地雷的国家，目前有12个，把这些国家列出来，主要是因为这些国家至今还都保留这生产地雷的权力。不过，目前实际还在生产地雷的国家，主要有三个，那就是，缅甸、印度和巴基斯坦。”
Since the international landmine treaty was signed in 1997, 158 countries have become parties to it. The Obama administration, like previous U.S. administrations, has not signed. Despite that, the U.S. does comply with many of its provisions. The International Campaign to Ban Landmines says the United States has not used antipersonnel mines since 1991 and has not exported them since 1992.
自从国际地雷协议在1997年签署之后，总共有158个国家在上面签了字。奥巴马总统领导下的美国政府，像历届美国政府一样，至今还没有在这项协议上签字。不过，美国政府在具体的作法上，基本上都是遵照这一协议办事的。[国际禁止地雷行动]这一组织说，自从1991年以来，美国方面一直没有使用过针对人的地雷，从1992年以来，一直没有出口过地雷。 |