| ======== TEST 1 PART A ========
1: Year of Birth ____1_____
2: Year of Death _____2____
3: Field of Researh _____3_____
4: Experiment on Training Conducted (Year) _____4_____
Psychology First Published (Year) 1938
5: His Description of His View _____5_____
Robert Sessions Woodworth, who was born in 1869 and died in 1962, had a longlife and a long, distinguished career in psychology. He collaborated early on a book in physiological psychology with Lad, and later produced his own editions. In 1901 he and Thorndike performed a famous experiment on transfer of training, defeating the educational philosophy of formal discipline, by demonstrating that mental skills are not,like muscles, strengthened by training, but that it is only identical elements that are transferred from one learning activity to another. Woodworth also wrote a widely read history of psychology, that is Contemporary Schools of Psychology, which he revised later and which came out in a third edition, with Mary Sheehan's eoauthorship, shortly after Woodworth's death. His Experimental Psychology, first published in 1938, proved to be the standard text in its field for several decades until it was largely replaced by Charles E. Osgood's almost equally monumental book in the same field in the early 1950s.
In much of his work, Woodworth's functional orientation led him to what he calleda dynamic view, which emphasized the importance of motivation in the understanding of behavior. His systematic book, Dynamic Psychology, published late in his career, was a fitting capstone to his many contributions to his discipline. He was active to the end. |