托福写作词汇之冠词的用法(在线收听

   一 基本规律 (Basic rules)

  1. Indefinite article (不定冠词)
  我们用 "a , an " 当我们不知道他是诸多人或事中的哪一个:
  * is one of many. ( 是许多个中的一个)
  He is an artist.(=there are many artists)
  * is not unique. (不是唯一的)
  I have just bought a book
  * has not been mentioned before. (之前没有提到过)
  There was a new student in class today.
  2. Definite article (定冠词)
  我们用 " the " 当我们知道他是诸多人或事中的哪一个:
  * is unique (or unique in that context) (是唯一的)
  The Australian Prime Minister. (=there is only one)
  I looked inside, the engine was in a terrible state. (=there is only one engine, in this case)
  * has been mentioned before. (之前提到过)
  The man gave me a ticket. I looked at it, and saw that the ticket was a single.
  * is defined by the phrase which follows it. (要被接下来的短语详细说明)
  What is the new student's name?
  3. No articles (无冠词)
  我们不用冠词当我们普遍地提及事物的时候:
  * using plural or uncountable nouns (在使用复数或不可数名词时)
  Do you like sport?
  * with the names of people or places, but there are many exceptions (人名和地名的时候不用冠词,但是地名有许多例外,下文一一介绍)
  He is Professor Jones
  4. Fixed phrases ( 固定短语)
  有许多固定搭配需要用或者不用冠词,我们应该来单独学习,他们包括:
  a few at home at work at the beginning atthe end go to bed
  go to the cinemas, shops, station in the world once a week
  sixty kilometres an hour the next the other the other day
  the same
  二 经常发生问题的区域 (Areas that often cause problems)
  1. Jobs (工作)
  如果有许多人做这个工作我们用 a 或 an.:
  My husband is an architect. (=there are many architects)
  但是如果一个工作特别对应一个人,我们就要用“the”了:
  He is having talks with the French foreign minister(外交部长). (=there is only one)
  2. Superlative (最高级)
  我们使用“the”在形容词最高级前面:
  She is the best person for the job.
  3. Last and next
  有一些形容词如 “last” 和 “next ”同时可以用也可以不用定冠词“the”但是句意会发生变化
  I saw James last night. (=the one before this one)
  It is the last night of our holiday. (=the fanal one)
  I will see you next week.(=the one after this one)
  4. Institutions: school, prison, university, church, home, hospital
  和以上机构连用时我们不用定冠词“the”
  My sister had to stay in hospital overnight.
  然而,如果我们指的是这个建筑,我们就要用“the”
  Our flat is opposite the hospital.
  原文地址:http://www.tingroom.com/listen/tuofu/223387.html