VOA标准英语2014--国际特赦组织：南苏丹境内的战争罪行（在线收听）

Amnesty Int'l: War Crimes in South Sudan 国际特赦组织：南苏丹境内的战争罪行

Amnesty International says both sides in South Sudan’s conflict have committed horrific atrocities against civilians. It says the attacks have been ethnically motivated and amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity.

国际特赦组织表示，参与南苏丹冲突的双方都犯下残忍对待民众的罪行。它还表示，袭击事件是由种族问题引起的，这相当于战争罪行和反人类犯罪。

The rights group has released the results of its investigation called Nowhere Safe: Civilians under Attack in South Sudan.

维权组织发布了调查结果，名为没有地方是安全的，其中反映了南苏丹群众受到攻击。

Amnesty International’s Deputy Director for Africa Michelle Kagari says deliberately attacking civilians is a war crime.

非洲国际特赦组织副主席Michelle Kagari表示故意攻击民众是一种战争罪行。

“We found consistently wherever we went – whether it was a conflict area where the government troops were in control or whether it was the armed opposition that were in control – civilians had been specifically targeted. And they had been killed. We found evidence of abductions, evidence of rape, including rape of women, who were pregnant, and young girls, which is an additional crime.”

“我们发现不管到哪---政府军队控制的冲突地区还是武装反对派控制的地区---民众都是他们攻击的目标，会被无情杀害。我们找到了他们绑架和强暴的证据，包括强暴孕妇和年轻女子，这些都属于犯罪行为”

She said there is also evidence of the killing of soldiers, who had laid down their weapons and were no longer taking part in the fighting.

Kagari女士表示，她们还找到了这些人杀害士兵的证据。士兵放下武器，再也不用参与战斗了。

There are no safe havens, Kagari said, even in places typically considered sanctuaries.

她还说，这里没有安全的避风港，甚至连那些被认为是避难所的地方也不安全。

“We found that there was no regard whatsoever to the protection that these places have. And that civilians were being targeted and killed in hospitals, in churches and within the UNMISS bases. And all these are war crimes,” she said.”

“我们发现这些地方不受任何保护。民众在医院、教堂以及南苏丹军基地内都会被杀害。这些都属于战争罪行”她解释道 。

When fighting started last December, many observers, NGO officials and international leaders refrained from calling it an ethnic-based conflict. But Kagari said that a tipping point has been reached since then. She noted that South Sudan’s own human rights commission said earlier this year that the ethnic-dimensions of the conflict cannot be ignored.

去年12月冲突爆发时，许多观察员、非政府组织官员及国际领导人都避免称它是由种族问题引起的。但Kagari表示那时就形成了冲突引爆点。她提到南苏丹的人权委员会今年年初表示，种族冲突是不容忽视的。

“Certainly when we went on the ground that seemed to be the primary motivation for killing. So people were being killed on the basis that they were either Nuer or Dinka or Shilluk. And the political affiliation had certainly become secondary and that would have been a shift maybe as opposed to when the conflict first started in December,” Kagari said.

“当然，在我们判断杀戮主要动机的背景时，发现被杀的人要么是努尔人要么是丁卡人或施路卡人。政治派别显然就成了第二大因素，在12月冲突刚爆发时可以改变形式，” Kagari表示。

The Amnesty International report said that civilians are frightened and traumatized.

国际特赦组织的报告表明，南苏丹的民众受到了惊吓和精神创伤。

Kagari said, “We had one civilian tell us that South Sudan is destroyed. There’s nothing left. Everything they have has been destroyed, which is another war crime. There’s been deliberate looting and razing of villages. And the looting has been so widespread. One person told us that she left in advance of the pro-government forces and when she went back her house was completely cleaned. And this was pretty similar with everywhere else in that neighborhood.”

Kagari表示：“一个南苏丹人告诉我们，南苏丹被彻底摧毁了，什么也没留下。他们所有的东西都被毁掉了。这属于另一种战争罪行。有人故意掠夺村庄的财物，并把村庄夷为平地。掠夺在这里很常见。另一位居民告诉我们，她在进政府武装到来前离开家，当她回来时，家里设么都没有了。其他人家也是这种情况。”

U.N. compounds are sheltering only a small number of South Sudan’s displaced. If they leave those areas, they are subject to attack and gang rape. Kagari said UNMISS forces lack the capacity to protect civilians just outside compound walls.

联合国难民所只收留了小部分无家可归的南苏丹人。如果他们离开，他们就会遭到袭击或轮奸。Kagari说，南苏丹军队没有能力保护难民所以外的南苏丹人。

“We would like UNMISS’ mandate to change so that there’s much stronger focus on protection of civilians. And we would also like the Security Council resolution that was passed in December to be fully enforced so that UNMISS has the capacity to ensure protection of civilians.”

“我们希望南苏丹军队可以被授权改变这种情况，这样他们就可以集中力量保护民众了。我们还希望安理会的决议可以在12月份通过，并得到强有力地实施，这样南苏丹军队就有能力确保民众安全了。”

Most of the hundreds of thousands of displaced South Sudanese are in the countryside.

南苏丹有成千上万无家可归的人，其中大多数都住在农村。

“They are not able to plant. Now, if they are not able to plant – they are not able to get their foods in – really we’re looking at famine being inevitable if they are not able to plant by the end of this month,” she said.

Kagari说：“如果他们不能耕种，她们就没有食物。如果这月底还不能耕种的话，饥荒就不可避免了。”

The rainy season is making many roads impassable, meaning food truck convoys cannot reach those in need.

雨季许多道路都无法通行，这就意味着运送食物的车队不能给他们送食物了。

She said both the African Union and U.N. should investigate and document cases of potential war crimes. But evidence may be washing away.

她希望非洲联盟和联合国都应调查并记载潜在战争罪行。但是证据可能会被大水冲走。

“We are concerned that with the rains evidence of these crimes is being lost. We already found that a number of sites where there had been mass killings bodies had already been buried and the evidence is already being lost. So, we are really concerned that investigations should be expedited in order to ensure that there is accountability for these crimes,” said Kagari.

Kagari 表示“我们考虑到由于大雨，这些犯罪证据可能丢失。我们已经发现许多堆积尸体的地方已经被焚毁，证据也就没了。因此，我们非常希望可以加快调查速度，这样就可以确保罪犯对他们的行为负责。”

Amnesty International said, “All parties to the conflict must immediately cease all violations of international human rights and humanitarian law – and allow unfettered access for humanitarian assistance to those in need.”

国际特赦组织表示：“所有参与冲突的政党必须立即停止一切违反国际人权和人道主义法的行为，并为需要帮助的人无条件提供人道主义支持”