Lesson 25:Do the English speak English? 英国人讲的是英语吗？
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why does the writer not understand the porter?
I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. he answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. 'I am a foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. 'You'll soon learn English!' he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I don't understand them! Do they speak English?
New words and expressions 生词和短语
railway n. 铁路
porter n. 搬运工
several quantifier 几个
foreigner n. 外国人
wonder v. 感到奇怪
参考译文
我终于到了伦敦。火车站很大，又黑又暗。我不知道去旅馆的路该怎么走，于是向一个搬运工打听。我的英语讲得不但非常认真，而且咬字也非常清楚。然而搬运工却不明白我的话。我把问话重复了很多遍。他终于听懂了。他回答了，但他讲得既不慢也不清楚。“我是个外国人，”我说。于是他说得慢了，可我还是听不懂。我的老师从来不那样讲英语！我和搬运工相视一笑。接着，他说了点什么，这回我听懂了。“您会很快学会英语的！”他说。我感到奇怪。在英国，人们各自说着一种不同的语言。英国人之间相互听得懂，可我却不懂他们的话！他们说的是英语吗？
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自学导读
1．Do the English speak English? （标题）英国人讲的是英语吗？
English在这里均为名词，但意义不同。第1个指“英国人”，为总称，后面的动词必须用复数；第2个指“英语”。指语言时前面不加冠词，指人则要加the：
The English often talk about the weather.
英国人经常谈论天气。
Do you speak English?
你会讲英语吗？
English还可以作形容词，表示“英格兰的”、“英国的”、“英国人的”等：
He was English.
他是个英国人。
与English相似的单词有French，Chinese，Japanese等：I said good morning to him in French.
我用法语向他问早上好。
2．I arrived in London at last. 我终于到了伦敦。
（1）这里London前面不加冠词，介词in暗指London是个大地方。
（2）at last为固定短语，表示“终于”，一般暗指经过一番等待、麻烦（苦恼）或努力之后：
It was my turn at last.
终于轮到我了。
I repeated my question several times and at last he understood.
我把问话重复了很多遍。他终于听懂了。
3．I did not know the way to my hotel…我不知道去饭店的路该怎么走……
my hotel不是指属于我的饭店（或旅馆），而是指我已订了房间或者要去住的饭店。
4．I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.
我的英语讲得不但非常认真，而且咬字也非常清楚。
not only…but…as well这组连接词与 not only…but also是同样的意思，都表示“不但……而且……”，not only与 but后面的成分必须对等。课文中的这句话可以改为：
I spoke English not only very carefully, but very clearly as well.（意义不变）
Mary not only found her aunt, but stayed with her for two weeks as well.
玛丽不仅找到了她姑妈，而且还在她那里住了两星期。
（连接整个谓语）
as well这个短语本身的含义是“也”、“又”、“还”：
If you go home tomorrow, I'll go as well.
如果你明天回家，我也回。
He lent me his pen, and his dictionary as well.
他把钢笔借给了我，还有字典。
5．… he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.……他讲得既不慢也不清楚。
否定连词 neither…nor…（既不……也不……）连接的成分必须对等：
Neither the boss nor his secretary is flying to New York.
老板和他的秘书都没有飞往纽约。（连接两个主语）
I met neither Jane nor her husband.
简和她的丈夫我都没见到。（连接两个宾语）
6．My teacher never spoke English like that! 我的老师从来不那样讲英语！
like 在这里是介词，表示“像”、“像……一样”：
There's no one like you.
没有人像你一样。
He speaks like a foreigner.
他说话像外国人。
语法 Grammar in use
并列句的语序（Word order in compound statements）
在第1课的语法中，我们学习了简单陈述句的语序，它一般为：主语+动词+宾语（可有可无）+状语（可有可无，分为方式、地点和时间状语，位置相对比较灵活）。通过并列连词可以把几个简单句连接起来构成一个并列句。在并列句中，各分句要根据上下文的要求按逻辑次序排列，但各分句都同等重要并独立存在。我们常常把并列句中的各分句看成是并列主句。常用的并列连词有：and， and then， but， so， yet，or， both…and，either…or， neither…nor， not only…but also/but…as well等。这些并列连词可以用来表示另加（and）、对比（but，yet）、选择（or）、连续（and then）以及结局或结果（so）。并列句基本上保留了简单句的词序
and前面一般不加逗号，但其他连词前则一般要加逗号：
Jim speaks Spanish, but his wife speaks French.吉姆讲西班牙语，而他妻子却讲法语。
I've got a cold, so I'm going to bed.
我得了感冒，所以我要去睡觉。
当并列连词连接的成分相同时，通常不再重复：
He either speaks French or understands it.
他或是会讲法语，或是懂法语。（主语相同，省略）
Either you or I can eat the apple.
这个苹果或者是你吃，或者是我吃。（谓语相同，省略）
Both Mary and Jane understands English.
玛丽和简都懂英语。
当 both…and， either…or和neither…nor连接主语时，谓语动词与后一个主语保持一致：
Neither Liz nor I teach mathematics.
莉兹和我都不教数学。（第2个主语为I，所以teach后不加-es）
词汇学习 Word study
1．wonder
（1）vt．，vi．感到惊讶，感到诧异：
They wondered that there was a modern building in that district.
那个地方居然有一座现代化建筑，他们感到很惊讶。
He wondered at the beauty of the old town.
这座古老小镇的美丽令他惊讶不已。
（2）vt．，vi．（对……）感到疑惑／怀疑，想知道：I wonder/I'm wondering if we've made a mistake.我怀疑我们是否犯了个错误。
I wonder what will happen next.
我很想知道下一步会发生什么事。
Will he come to dinner? I wonder.
他会来吃饭吗？我怀疑。
（3）n．奇迹，奇观，奇才；惊奇，惊讶：
Jane is a wonder. She never fails in her examinations.
简是个奇才。她从来没有考试不及格过。
She looked at the boss in wonder.
她惊讶地看着老板。
the seven wonders of the world in ancient times世界古代7大奇观
2．each other
从原则上讲，这个短语指两个人“互相”：
You and I must try to help each other.
你我两个人必须尽力互相帮助。
有时，这个短语也可以用来指许多人之间“互相”：
We must all help each other.
我们大家都必须互相帮助。
练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A and(1.1)； so(1.2)； not only…but…as well(11.2-3)；and(1.5)；but(1.5)；neither…nor(1.6)；but(1.7)；and (1.8)；and(1.8)；and(1.9)；but(1.10)
C 1 I knocked at the door but he did not open it.
2 Both he and I went on holiday.
3 He must be either mad or very wise.
2．作文练习答案
1 Both my sister and I went shopping.
2 We not only got very tired but very hungry as well.
3 It was three o'clock and we could not get lunch so we had a cup of tea.
3．多项选择题答案
1c 2b 3b 4a 5b 6c
7 d 8 b 9 a 10 a 11d 12 a
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