Lesson 25:The Cutty Sark
“卡蒂萨克”号帆船
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What piece of bad luck prevented the Cutty Sark from winning the race?
One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greewich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. These is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
impressive
adj. 给人深刻印象的
steamship
n. 蒸汽轮船
vessel
n. 轮船，大木船
era
n. 时期，时代
Java
n. 爪哇（印度尼西亚一岛）
rudder
n. 舵
roll
v. 颠簸，摇摆
steer
v. 掌握方向
temporary
adj. 临时的
plank
n. 大块木板
fit
v. 安装
Equator
n. 赤道
delay
n. 耽误
参考译文
人们在格林威治仍可看到19世纪最有名的帆船之一“卡蒂萨克”号。它停在陆地上，每年接待成千上万的参观者。它给人们留下深刻的印象，使人们回忆起历史上的巨型帆船，在蒸汽船取代帆船之前。“卡蒂萨克”号之类的帆船被用来从中国运回茶叶，从澳大利亚运回羊毛。“卡蒂萨克”号是帆船制造史上建造的最快的一艘帆船。唯一可以与之一比高低的是“塞姆皮雷”号帆船。两船于1872年6月18日同时从上海启航驶往英国，途中展开了一场激烈的比赛。这场比赛持续了整整4个月，是这类比赛中的最后一次，它标志着帆船伟大传统的结束与一个新纪元的开始。
比赛开始后，“赛姆皮雷”号率先抵达爪哇岛。但在印度洋上，“卡萨萨克”号驶到了前面。看来，它首先返抵英国是确信无疑的了，但它却在比赛中连遭厄运。8月份“卡蒂萨克”号遭到一场特大风暴的袭击，失去了一只舵。船身左右摇晃，无法操纵。船员用备用的木板在船上赶制了一只应急用的舵，并克服重重困难将舵安装就位，这样一来，大大降低了船的航速。因为船不能开得太快，否则就有危险，应急舵也会被刮走。因为这个缘故，“卡蒂萨克”号落到了后面。跨越赤道后，船长将船停靠在一个港口，在那儿换了一只舵。但此时，“赛姆皮雷”号早已在500多英里之遥了。尽管换装新舵时分秒必争，但“卡蒂萨克”号已经不可能取胜了，它抵达英国时比“塞姆皮雷”号晚了1个星期。但考虑到路上的多次耽搁，这个成绩也已很不容易了。毫无疑问，如果中途没有失去舵， “卡帝萨克”号肯定能在比赛中轻易夺冠。
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Notes on the text
课文注释
1 Cutty Sark，“卡蒂萨克”号，19世纪一艘著名的帆船。现在这艘船在伦敦格林威治作为展品被保护了起来。在轮船时代以前，它是那时侯最快的帆船。
2 both these ships，这两艘船。
也可写成 both of these ships或 both ships。
3 The first of the two ships to reach Java…，两艘船中首先到达爪哇的……。不定式短语 to reach Java此处作定语，修饰 first，中间被另一个修饰 first的介词短语 of the two ships所分开。
4 take the lead，领先。
lose one's lead，失去其领先地位。
5 There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily. 毫无疑问，如果中途没有失去舵，“卡蒂萨克”号肯定能在比赛中轻易夺冠。这是一个虚拟语气的句子，是对过去的一种假设。
Multiple choice questions
多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 The fame of the Cutty Sark rests mainly upon ______ .
a．the number of tourists who come to visit her annually
b．her likeness to other great sailing ships of the past
c．her being one of the last and one of the fastest of a line of great sailing ships
d．her victory in the race against the Thermopylae
2 The race which took place between the Cutty Sark and the Thermopylae was ______ .
a．a landmark in the history of shipping
b．held to celebrate the invention of the steamship
c．held especially for sailing ships on the route from Shanghai to London
d．unusually slow because the Cutty Sark lost her rudder en route
3 During the race, the most remarkable feat of the Cutty Sark was ______ .
a．although last to reach Java, to take the lead on the Indian Ocean
b．the fact that she managed to sail into port without a rudder
c．the speed at which she was sailing while having a new rudder fitted
d．the speed at which she made up the gap between her and the Thermopylae
Structure结构
4 The Cutty Sark ______ at Greenwich. (11. 1-2)
a．is still possible to see
b．is able still to be seen
c．may still be seen
d．is still possibly seen
5 Before ______ , vessels like the Cutty Sark were used … (11. 4-6)
a．steamships replaced sail
b．the steamship replaced the sailing ship
c．steamships replaced sailing
d．the steam replaced the sail
6 It seemed certain that she ______ the first ship home. (1. 12)
a．would go to be
b．would be going to be
c．went
d．was going to be
7 The Thermopylae arrived in England only a weak before ______ . (11. 19-20)
a．she did
b．she was
c．herself
d．she had arrived
8 ______ her rudder, there is no doubt she would have won…(1. 21)
a．That if she had not lost
b．Not having lost
c．Were she not to lose
d．Had she not lost
Vocabulary词汇
9 ---- on dry land and ______ thousands of visitors each year. (11. 2-3)
a．appeals to
b．attracts
c．catches
d．pulls
10 On June 18th, 1872 both these ships ______ an exciting race from Shanghai to England. (1. 8)
a．set out on
b．departed for
c．entered
d．went for
11 On the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark went ______ the lead. (11. 11-12)
a．into
b．on
c．for
d．after
12 Even this was remarkable, ______ the numerous delays. (11. 20-21)
a．in respect of
b．according to
c．in view of
d．accounting
Notes on the text
I have a very nice impression of Beijing.
l dinghy救生筏（两三人）
├lifeboat救生船
├destroyer驱逐舰
├submarine潜水艇
├aircraft carrier航母
└motor ship摩托艇
┌era时代new era
├information age
├Internet age
└hard times艰难岁月
Never walk in anyone’s shadow.走自己的路
l medical students
└medical workers医务工作者
social student研究社会学的学生
l eye-catching抢眼的
├notable ┬引人注意的
├not iceable ┘
└striking吸引人的
┌steer clear of = avoid避开
└steer掌握方向
┌install装（空调、软件）
├fit安上
└fix修理后安装
l without delay没有耽误
└so many delays耽误许多
┌at Oxford用at不是in
└at Greenwich格林威志
l serve as被用作
She serves as a teacher.
This book serves as a weapon.
The sound made by bird can serve as language.
The picture serves as an impressive reminder of my miserable（苦难的） childhood.
l 标志…的开始…的结束
It marked the beginning of…and the end of…
It marked the beginning of a new era.
l take the lead领先
┌It seems that
├It seems certain that
└看起来确实无疑的
I will take bus home.
Road home.回家的路
┌Wish you good luck.
└a lot of bad luck
l be struck by被击中
┌heavy storm雨雪都用此表大
├wild wind狂风
└strong wind强风
┌tear away撕开
├tear up撕碎
└tear off撕下来
It became impossible to steer the ship.变得
on board在船上
with great difficulty = 副词
l He has danger（错误的表达）
There is a danger that he will fail to pass the exam.
There is a danger that if you don’t work harder you’ll fail to reach your goal.目标
┌call in at a port让船停在港口
└call in a doctor叫医生
considering + ┬名词
考虑到 └that句子
Considering his great age.
Considering that he is a boy.
l here and there到处
├to and from来来往往
┕up and down到处，来回
┌from side to side
├neck to neck并驾齐驱
├hand in hand手拉手
└shoulder by shoulder肩并肩
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