VOA常速英语--研究人员考虑气候变化对公共卫生影响（在线收听）

研究人员考虑气候变化对公共卫生影响

Climate change is not just a change in the global temperature; it is also a change in the weather. Scientists say we can expect more extrems weather events along with some areas see more rains and flooding,while other areas will get hotter,drier and more prone to droughts and forest fires.

气候变化不仅仅是全球温度的变化，还是天气的变化。科学家表示，我们将见证更多极端天气，一些地区遭遇暴雨和洪水，而另外一些地区变得更加炎热干燥，遭遇更多干旱和森林火灾。

"Climate change has a broad impact on health, both through the direct effect that climate change has on extreme weather – heat waves to heavy rainfall events and associated flooding, coastal storms, hurricanes -- but also indirectly, in the way that it alters disease ecology, or ecosystems that are important in maintaining a healthy environment."

“气候变化对健康有着广泛的影响，一方面是气候变化对极端天气带来的直接极端影响——热浪，暴雨，从而引发的洪水，海啸，飓风——另一方面是间接的影响，改变了疾病生态学，或者对于维持健康的环境来说非常重要的生态系统。”

One example is Lyme disease, which is caused by a particular type of bacterium spread through the bite of infected blacklegged ticks, also known as deer ticks. A warming climate and changing seasonal temperatures have expanded the tick's range.

其中一个例子就是莱姆病，由感染了的黑足蜱或鹿蜱叮咬，通过一种细菌传播。气候变暖和季节温度变化扩大了黑足蜱的生存范围。

"We’re seeing more cases. We’re seeing it shifting northward and to the midwest, and that’s linked to changing seasonal patterns."

“我们看到越来越多的病例。我们看到病例向北向中西部扩散，这与季节模式的变化有关。”

Scientists are seeing more heavy rains in some regions, drought in others. The rain can create flood plains where mosquitoes breed, and storms, floods and droughts can create conditions conducive to clusters of water-, mosquito- and rodent-borne diseases. Scientists expect storms and floods to increase the spread of cholera in developing countries as flooding creates contaminated water.

科学家看到某些地区暴雨增加，另外一些地区干旱加重。暴雨会形成冲击平原，导致蚊虫滋生，暴雨，洪涝和干旱会形成有利于水传播，蚊虫传播和啮齿动物传播疾病的条件。科学家预期暴雨和洪水会加重发展中国家霍乱的传播，因为洪水会造成水污染。

Other research concerns the spread of malaria. A larger portion of Africa than previously predicted is now at high risk for malaria transmission, according to a new University of Florida mapping study. Malaria will arrive in new areas, the research suggests, posing a risk to new populations and will require changes in managing public health. The study also shows that some parts of Africa will become too hot for malaria.

其他一些研究担忧疟疾的传播。根据佛罗里达大学一项最新映射研究，非洲地区比此前预测更大的范围处于疟疾传播高风险。研究称，疟疾将抵达新的地区，为新的人口带来风险，要求管理公共卫生方面做出改变。该研究还显示，非洲一些地方将会变得太热，不适合疟疾存在。