美国国家公共电台 NPR Who Benefits From Donald Trump's Tax Plan?（在线收听）

Who Benefits From Donald Trump's Tax Plan?

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Will Donald Trump follow through on promises he made during the campaign? One place to look for an answer to that question is on taxes. NPR's John Ydstie examines whether Trump's campaign rhetoric is consistent with his plan to cut taxes.

JOHN YDSTIE, BYLINE: Donald Trump has proposed a very detailed tax plan, but his statements on the campaign trail don't always match what his proposal would really do. Here's what the president-elect said about tax cuts at a rally in Scranton, Penn.

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DONALD TRUMP: And we will massively cut taxes for the middle class, the forgotten people, the forgotten men and women of this country who built our country.

YDSTIE: And here is Trump during a town hall meeting on NBC's "Today Show."

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SAVANNAH GUTHRIE: Do you believe in raising taxes on the wealthy?

TRUMP: I do. I do - including myself. I do.

YDSTIE: A pre-election survey by the RAND Corporation, a research group, found at least half of Trump's supporters agreed with Trump on that, according to RAND's Michael Pollard.

MICHAEL POLLARD: Just before the election, after the last debate, 51 percent of them intending to vote for Trump supported increasing taxes on these high-earning individuals.

YDSTIE: But Lily Batchelder says Trump's plan does the opposite. She's a law professor at NYU and a visiting fellow at the Tax Policy Center.

LILY BATCHELDER: If you look at the most wealthy, the top 1 percent would get about half of the benefits of his tax cuts. And a millionaire, for example, would get an average tax cut of $317,000.

YDSTIE: But, Batchelder says, a family earning between $40,000 and $50,000 would get a tax cut of only $560. And, she says, millions of middle-class working families will see their tax bills rise under Trump's plan, especially single-parent families.

BATCHELDER: A single parent who's earning $75,000 and has two school-age children - and they would face a tax increase of over $2,400.

YDSTIE: That's if they had no child care deductions. The increase in taxes comes partly because the Trump plan eliminates the $4,000 exemption for each person in a household. Steve Calk, a Trump economic adviser, says the loss of the exemption is partially offset by other changes in the Trump plan. He takes issue with the Tax Policy Center's analysis and argues there will be big tax cuts for middle-income families. Calk says, take a family earning $50,000 a year...

STEPHEN CALK: And their child care costs are, you know, let's say $7,000 or $,8000 a year. They're going to save 35 percent on their net tax bracket.

YDSTIE: Batchelder says that calculation is misleading because it focuses on the tax rate reduction rather than a family's after-tax income, how much money they have left in their pocket after taxes. But Calk argues that personal income tax cuts and the Trump proposal to reduce the corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 15 percent will help taxpayers by boosting economic growth.

CALK: The single best way to help people that are in the lower-income bracket or unemployed or underemployed is, number one, to get them employed in real jobs with real benefits.

YDSTIE: Economists disagree on whether the tax plan would be good for the economy. The Tax Policy Center says over the first decade, the government would lose $6.2 trillion dollars in revenue, producing huge budget deficits that could hurt the economy. One other element of the Trump plan that's worth noting - it would eliminate the federal estate tax entirely. Only the wealthiest taxpayers, less than 1 percent, now pay that tax. Ending it would lead to an even greater concentration of wealth in America.

John Ydstie, NPR News, Washington.