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Dima: Hello and welcome to this edition of 6 Minute English with me, Dima

Kostenko

Kate: and me, Kate Colin.

Dima: Kate is here not simply to keep me company but also to give us some language

guidance.

Kate: I'll do my best!

Dima: OK, and to begin with, could you explain what a metaphor is?

Kate: O-oh, good question. And to give you a simple answer, I'll need to talk a little

bit about another figure of speech, a simile. A simile is when you directly

compare two things, often using the words 'like' or 'as'. For example, 'He slept

like a log', a commonly used simile meaning he slept really well, completely

undisturbed. Now that's a simile. A metaphor is when you imply, or state a

comparison between things that are not similar. For example, 'The house is so

neglected and dirty that all the cleaning she's done this week is just a drop in

the ocean'. Now of course, her cleaning work does not and cannot look like a

drop of water in the sea, and yet this is a common way of saying that the

amount of something - here, her work - is too little compared to how much is

still needed.

Dima: Now I have a different kind of question for you. This time, it's not about

language this time, it's about you. Are you a competitive person? 

6 Minute English © bbclearningenglish.com 2009

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Kate: Responds + short dialogue to introduce unusual competitions

Dima: And if you think these competitions are unusual, then stay with us for the next

few minutes as we're listening to a report from South Africa about a

competition that brings a whole new meaning to the word 'unusual'. But first,

do you mind taking us through some of today's key vocabulary Kate?

Kate: Responds. First of all, the term 'broadband internet system', which means a

system that makes it possible for many messages or large amounts of

information to be sent all at the same time and very quickly. Another term

we're going to hear is 'gigabyte', meaning a unit of computer information,

consisting of 1,024 megabytes. And, importantly, 'pigeon' which is a large,

usually grey bird, often seen in towns, which can be trained to carry messages.

Also, as you're listening, notice how our correspondent uses sport metaphors to

bring some colour to his report, making it sound more interesting. The words

to listen out for are 'race', 'lane one', 'lane two', 'the course' and 'sprint'.

Dima: That's 'broadband internet system', 'gigabyte', 'pigeon' and a few sport

metaphors. OK, here's our reporter in Johannesburg Andrew Harding:

Clip 1 0'18"

It was a strange sort of race. In lane one - South Africa's giant Telkom company, using the

country's broadband internet system. In lane two - an eleven-month-old pigeon named

Winston, carrying a four gigabyte memory stick strapped to his leg. The course - a simple

sixty-mile sprint between an office in the town of Howick and another in the coastal city of

Durban.

Kate: So the aim of the competition was simple: to discover which would be the

fastest to deliver a large amount of data from one office to another one, 60

miles or nearly 100 kilometres away: a supposedly fast broadband system - or a

carrier pigeon. 

6 Minute English © bbclearningenglish.com 2009

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Dima: And here comes this week's question for you Kate. Which do you think won

the unusual race?

a) Was it the humble pigeon?

b) Was it the highly sophisticated internet? Or

c) Did they both perform equally well?

What do you think Kate?

Kate: Guesses.

Dima: OK, but I'm not telling you the answer because I thought you might prefer to

get it first-hand, directly from Andrew Harding, by listening to the next part of

his report.

Kate: Good idea. And here is some more key vocabulary to listen out for. 'To win

comfortably', meaning to win easily, leaving the other contestants far behind.

'Encrypted', which means electronically changed into a secret code. And the

phrasal verb 'to get through', meaning to reach, to get delivered.

Dima: OK, that's 'to win comfortably', 'encrypted' and 'to get through'. Let's listen:

Clip 2 0'21"

The result does say something about the state of broadband in South Africa and the continent

as a whole. Winston, you won't be surprised to discover, won the race comfortably. He

reportedly delivered his cargo in just over an hour. The data - encrypted, in case he'd got lost

on the way - was then downloaded in another hour or so. By which time only 4% of the data

sent by internet had got through.

Kate: So Winston the pigeon comfortably won the race over broadband. By the time

the download of the data delivered by Winston was completed, only 4% of the 

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information sent via the internet had got through. Which means I was

right/wrong with my earlier guess!

Dima: Responds. OK, let's have a quick re-cap of some of today's key vocabulary.

Kate: 'broadband internet system'

'pigeon'

'to win comfortably'

'encrypted'

'to get through', meaning to reach

And of course we pointed out that using metaphors can make a story sound

more interesting and vivid.

Dima: Thanks Kate. Until next week.

Both: Goodbye!