美国国家公共电台 NPR Should The Opioid Crisis Be Declared A National Emergency?（在线收听）

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This week, a presidential commission chaired by New Jersey Governor Chris Christie recommended that the president declare opioids a national emergency. Medical professionals and others who treat drug addiction are praising that idea. But there's still plenty of disagreement about just how to deal with the opioid crisis. NPR's Greg Allen reports.

GREG ALLEN, BYLINE: Dr. Andrew Kolodny with the Opioid Policy Research Collaborative at Brandeis University's Heller School, says the president's commission has it right.

ANDREW KOLODNY: This is a public health emergency. Since 1999, more than 300,00 Americans have died from an opioid overdose.

ALLEN: Drug overdoses now kill more people each year than gun homicides and car crashes combined. In its report, the commission says, by declaring a national emergency, the president and Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price could take immediate action on a number of fronts. They could grant Medicaid waivers to the states to expand funding for inpatient drug treatment. With emergency powers, the commission says, the HHS secretary could negotiate lower prices for naloxone, a drug that reverses overdoses. Kolodny says that would allow state and local authorities to make the drug widely available.

KOLODNY: There should be naloxone in a Starbucks because we have people overdosing in the bathrooms of Starbucks. Any place where people could be overdosing, naloxone should be available.

ALLEN: Grant Smith, with the Drug Policy Alliance, says while declaring a national emergency would free up resources quickly, he gets uneasy when he hears public officials use tough language to talk about drug abuse. He worries a national emergency could be similar to an earlier war on drugs.

GRANT SMITH: During the crack epidemic in the 1980s, you saw excessive drug sentencing laws being passed in Congress. You saw communities of color being disproportionately impacted.

ALLEN: Since becoming president, Trump and Attorney General Jeff Sessions have talked mostly about drug enforcement. In this interim report, the commission focuses mostly on expanding treatment options, including the use of methadone and buprenorphine to help those recovering from opioid addiction. The commission proposes using federal funds to expand use of those drugs in recovery programs, a move that's praised by Dr. Corey Waller with the American Society of Addiction Medicine.

COREY WALLER: We have to get past this misperception that these are a crutch, or these are just trading one addiction for another because it's just not accurate. And it maligns the reality that it significantly decreases the chances for someone's loved one to die.

ALLEN: Overall, the commission is calling on the federal government to do more on the opioid crisis and to significantly expand funding through Medicare, Medicaid and other federal agencies. So far, there's been no reaction from the president or his HHS secretary to the commission's recommendations. Greg Allen, NPR News.