蜂蜜携带农药毒素 世界蜂蜜多受影响（在线收听）

Bees are Carrying Pesticides into the World’s Honey

Bees are responsible for about 30 percent of the world's food supply. Our fruits and vegetables would not grow without bees.

Many farmers use chemical products known as pesticides to protect food plants from insects. Studies have shown that these chemicals are also hurting the bees.

Now it turns out that the pesticides are also showing up in the world’s honey supply. And researchers are wondering how that could affect us.

Richard Glassborow is with the London Beekeepers' Association.

"Well, bees are insects, and pesticides are designed to take out pest insects, but they're pretty indiscriminate."

The problem is an unusual kind of pesticides called neonicotinoids.

A recent study found evidence of these pesticides in most of the world's bees. The findings were published in the journal Science.

David Goulson is a professor of biology at Britain’s University of Sussex. He says the chemicals harm the ability of bees to find their way.

“We know for example these chemicals, they attack the brain of the insects and they interfere with their ability to learn and to navigate, which is really important for a bee. A honey bee and other kinds of bee, they have to be able to find their way to and from patches of flowers and back to their hive, and, if they get lost, then they're as good as dead."

Goulson says the problem seems to come from new genetically engineered seeds. He says some of the seeds are covered with pesticides.

"So the idea is the farmer buys the seed, pre-coated with insecticide, he sows it in the ground, and the chemical is water soluble, it dissolves into the soil and the water in the soil, and then it's supposed to be sucked up by the plant, and it goes to all parts of the plant including, unfortunately, the nectar and the pollen."

And that pollen ends up on the bees. Swedish researchers found the chemicals in 75% of all the world's honey. They even found it on the French island of Tahiti, a place not known for industrial farming.

"These chemicals at really low concentrations mess up the immune system of the honey bee, so then they get infected with diseases. So the long and the short of it is that we should be worried about this, that it seems that a large proportion of the world's honey bees, and probably other bees too, are being continually exposed to toxins at a level that will be doing them harm."

Goulson says it is not just bees that are dying off. He says researchers are also seeing “big declines of farmland birds, butterflies and so on.”

The European Food Standards Agency and the European Union are considering limiting the use of neonicotinoids.

I’m Anne Ball.

Words in This Story

indiscriminate – adj. affecting or harming many people or things in a careless or unfair way

navigate – v. to find the way to get to a place when you are traveling

sow – v. to plant seeds in an area of ground

soluble – adj. capable of being dissolved in a liquid

nectar – n. a sweet liquid produced by plants and used by bees in making honey

pollen – n. the very fine usually yellow dust that is produced by a plant and that is carried to other plants of the same kind usually by wind or insects so that the plants can produce seeds

mess up – v. to damage

immune system – n. the system that protects your body from diseases and infections

expose – v. to leave (something) without covering or protection

toxin – n. a poisonous substance and especially one that is produced by a living thing