VOA慢速英语2017 旅游开发过度了吗?（在线收听）

Too Much Tourism?

Cities – particularly in Europe – are increasingly taking steps against tourists.

各个城市，尤其是欧洲的城市都开始越来越多地对游客采取措施。

Venice, Italy, for example, is planning to bar some large passenger ships. Barcelona, Spain, has placed restrictions on apartment rentals. The problem these cities say they are dealing with is "overtourism" -- too many tourists visiting at once.

例如，意大利的威尼斯正计划禁止一些大型客轮。西班牙的巴塞罗那已经对公寓出租施加了限制。这些城市称他们是在处理“旅游开发过度”问题，即一次有太多游客浏览。

Debate over tourism

关于旅游的争论

Jonathan Keates is the chairman of the Venice In Peril Fund, an aid and activist group. He said too many people are crowding the walkways and canals of Venice, interfering in what he calls a “still living city.”

乔纳森·凯茨（Jonathan Keates）是拯救威尼斯基金会的主席，这是一家援助和维权组织。他说，威尼斯的人行道和河道里挤满了人，干涉到了他所谓“有生命的城市。”

Taleb Rifai is the secretary general of the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). He spoke recently to tourism ministers at London's World Travel Market. He said the rise of slogans, such as "tourists go home" and "tourists are terrorists," was "a wake-up call."

塔勒布·瑞法依(Taleb Rifai)是联合国世界旅游组织的秘书长。他最近在伦敦的世界旅游博览会上对各国旅游部长做了发言。他说，“游客回家去”和“游客是恐怖分子”这类口号的兴起“敲响了警钟。”

Anger about tourism could continue to grow as more people travel every year. The UNWTO estimates tourists will take 1.8 billion trips by 2030, up from 1.2 billion in 2016.

随着越来越多人每年旅游，对游客的怨气可能会继续增长。联合国世界旅游组织估计到2030年，游客旅游次数将从2016年的12亿次增加到18亿次。

Low-cost airline tickets are helping fuel the growth in tourism numbers, along with increasing travel from China.

廉价航空机票以及中国人旅游增加正在帮助推动游客数量的增长。

Yet many places depend on tourism for jobs and wealth. Around 10 percent of the world's gross domestic product, or GDP, comes from tourism.

然而很多地方依赖旅游业提供就业机会和财富。全球约10%的GDP来自于旅游业。

Taleb Rifai said that growth is not "the enemy." But, he said tourism must be made "sustainable and responsible" to help local communities.

瑞法依表示，这种增长并不是“敌人。”但是他表示，旅游必须做到“可持续和负责任”以帮助当地社区。

What are countries and cities doing to limit tourism?

各国和各城市如何限制旅游？

Ecuador permits only 100,000 visitors to the Galapagos Islands each year. The Croatian city of Dubrovnik is considering permitting only 4,000 visitors daily. Visitors have flooded the Adriatic Sea town since it was used as a setting for the television series “Game of Thrones.”

厄瓜多年每年只允许10万游客前往加拉帕戈斯群岛。克罗地亚城市杜布罗夫尼克正在考虑每天只接待4千名游客。由于《权力的游戏》这部电视剧以此地为背景，游客已经淹没了这个亚得里亚海的小镇。

Other cities are urging tourists to visit less famous parts of town. Prague, for example, has an "off the beaten track" tourist program. London is promoting neighborhoods such as Greenwich and Richmond.

其它城市则督促游客游览城镇中一些不太出名的地方。例如布拉格就有一个“不走寻常路”的旅游项目。伦敦也正在推广格林威治和里士满等社区。

Barcelona has cracked down on unofficial housing rentals and established a tourism council that includes residents, businesses, and unions.

巴塞罗那对非官方的房屋租赁进行了打击，并建立了一个包括居民、企业和工会在内的旅游委员会。

Is there a solution?

有解决方案吗？

Gloria Guevara is the president and CEO of the London-based World Travel & Tourism Council. “There is no one solution for all. Every destination is different,” she said.

格洛里亚·格瓦拉（Gloria Guevara）是总部设在伦敦的世界旅游业理事会的总裁和首席执行官。她说：“没有统一的解决方案，每个旅游目的地的方案都有所不同。”

Tim Fairhurst leads planning and policy at the European Tourism Association. He said businesses do not want to put their customers in places where they are treated as unwelcome. He said simple measures can make a difference, such as changing opening hours or increasing parking space.

蒂姆·费尔赫斯特（Tim Fairhurst）负责欧洲旅游协会的规划和政策。他说，各旅游企业不希望将他们的客户带到不受欢迎的地方。他说，一些简单的措施就能起到作用，例如改变开放时间或增加停车位。

“There are lots of ways in which we use our cities inefficiently,” he said, “We could do better.”

他说：“我们利用城市的很多种方式效率都非常低下，我们可以做得更好。”

I'm John Russell.

Words in This Story

tourist – n. a person who travels to a place for pleasure

rental – n. chiefly US : something that can be rented

slogan – n. a word or phrase that is easy to remember and is used by a group or business to attract attention

off the beaten track – expression in or to a place that is not close to the places where people usually go

promote – v. to help (something) happen, develop, or increase

destination – n. a place to which a person is going or something is being sent

inefficiently – adv. not capable of producing desired results without wasting materials, time, or energy: not efficient