VOA慢速英语2018 3D打印枪支引发法律问题（在线收听）

3D Guns Raise Legal Questions

In the U.S. this month, Americans are discussing whether 3D [three-dimensional] guns are legal.

这个月，很多美国人都在讨论3D枪是否应该合法化的问题。

Cody Wilson says yes. He first used a website to publish designs for a printable handgun in 2013. But the U.S. State Department soon ordered him to stop, saying the designs violated laws related to exports.

科迪 威尔逊(Cody Wilson)支持强制合法化。2013年，他率先通过网站来发布可打印手枪的设计。但美国国务院很快就勒令他停止，并表示他的设计违反了与出口有关的法律。

This summer, the two parties reached a settlement that would permit Wilson to publish the designs. But when public officials warned that 3D guns threatened public safety, a judge blocked Wilson until the issue could be discussed again.

今年夏天，国内两党达成一致，允许威尔逊发布枪支设计。但由于多位政府工作人员警示称，3D枪威胁了公共安全，所以一位法官禁止威尔逊发布枪支设计，因为目前这个问题是没得商量的。

A First Amendment issue?

Wilson calls his argument a First Amendment case. The First Amendment, part of the U.S. Constitution’s Bill of Rights, permits Americans the right to most kinds of speech. Wilson believes it permits him to share the plans to make a gun with a 3D printer.

威尔逊用《第一修正案》来为自己证明。《第一修正案》是美国《人权法案》的部分内容，该修正案允许美国人拥有大多数情况下言论自由的权利。威尔逊认为，该修正案让自己可以分享用3D打印方式来制造枪支的计划。

His lawyer, Josh Blackman, said, "This is a very, very, very easy First Amendment question that I think people might be hesitant to accept because it involves guns and people don't like guns.”

威尔逊的律师乔希 布莱克曼(Josh Blackman)表示，我认为这个有关《第一修正案》的问题非常非常简单，但公众对于接受这件事可能很犹豫，因为这涉及到枪的问题，而大家都不喜欢枪。

A public safety issue?

The federal judge who has temporarily blocked Wilson noted the case presented “serious First Amendment issues.” But Judge Robert Lasnik also said that guns made on 3D printers could create serious harm.

曾暂时禁止威尔逊提议的联邦法官表示，这个案子向《第一修正案》提出了严正的问题。但法官罗伯特 拉斯尼克(Robert Lasnik)也认为，用3D打印机制造出来的枪支会造成严重的伤害。

Critics of 3D guns say criminals or terrorists could easily create the guns and hide them. The New York Times newspaper notes they “can be printed without serial numbers or government regulations.”

对3D枪持批评意见的人认为，犯罪分子或恐怖分子可以轻而易举的造出3D枪，并将之藏匿起来。《纽约时报》认为，3D枪不需要序列号和政府监管就能制造出来。

In addition, all-plastic guns would violate a 1988 law called the Undetectable Firearms Act. That act outlaws guns that cannot be identified by a metal detector. Congress has renewed the act several times, and it remains in effect.

除此之外，全塑料制造的枪支会违反1988年的《不可探测枪支法案》。该法案认定，金属探测器检测不到的枪支就是违法枪支。美国国会曾多次更新该法案，目前该法案依然有效。

Even though Wilson’s designs call for some metal, critics say a user could easily remove those pieces.

虽然威尔逊的设计中也会用到金属，但批评家认为，使用者可以轻而易举地将金属部分挪走。

“It’s an absurdity. You can take the piece of metal out and put it back in at your own whims and you can take it out and walk through a metal detector undetected,” said Jonas Oransky, legal director for the group Everytown for Gun Safety.

这台荒谬了。3D枪里的金属，使用者可以收放自如的装拆，也就是说，出去的时候可以把金属拆掉，这样金属探测器就探测不到，枪支安全无处不在的法律主管乔纳斯(Jonas Oransky)如是说道。

Wilson answers that he is not making an all-plastic gun. He is simply providing the information on how someone could make one.

对此，威尔逊的恢复是：他自己并没有制造全塑料材质的枪。他只是提供了可能制造全塑料枪支的人的信息而已。

The judge will meet with lawyers about the case next week.

本周，法官将与多位律师会晤，商讨这个案子。

U.S. President Donald Trump has also said he is thinking about the issue.

美国总统特朗普也表示自己在思考这个问题。

Words in This Story

three-dimensional - adj. having or seeming to have length, width, and depth

hesitant - adj. slow to act or speak especially because you are nervous or unsure about what to do

serial number - n. a number that is put on a product and that is used to identify it

undetectable - adj. impossible to discover or notice

firearm - n. a small gun

metal detector - n. a device that can tell if metal is present

absurdity - n. extremely silly, foolish, or unreasonable idea

whim - n. a sudden wish, desire or decision