英语听力精选进阶版 6309（在线收听）

Good morning. Are you bright-eyed and bushy-tailed after your recommended eight-hour sleep? Or perhaps instead you dropped off for four hours, got up, had a chat, smoked tobacco and visited some neighbours before hitting the sack for another four hours.

A growing number of experts are suggesting that the latter is actually a more natural way for us to recharge our batteries than the eight-hours-in-one-session sleeping pattern that people have come to consider normal.

In researching his book on the subject of shut-eye, Roger Ekirch discovered over 500 historical references to a first and second segmented sleeping pattern. They come from diaries, court records, medical books and literature.

By the late 17th century, street lighting started to appear in cities and more people began to consider spending the night kipping a waste of valuable time. Around the same time, references to a first and second sleep start to disappear.

So, if you are one of those people who find themselves wide awake in the middle of the night and toss and turn unable to return to the land of nod, your insomnia may not be a medical condition after all.

According to sleep psychologist Gregg Jacobs, "For most of evolution we slept a certain way. Waking up during the night is a part of normal human physiology." But the majority of doctors still don't recognise that one eight-hour slumber might be unnatural.

So what's the advice for those who after hours of counting sheep still can't nod off? Lie back and relax. It could actually be good for you.

Quiz 小测验

Did humans always try to sleep in one eight-hour session?

No. A growing number of experts are suggesting that the latter is actually a more natural way for us to recharge our batteries than the eight-hours-in-one-session sleeping pattern that people have come to consider normal.

Are there many references to first and second sleep segments in historical documents?

Yes. Roger Ekirch discovered over 500 historical references to a first and second segmented sleeping pattern.

Why did people start to stay out later at night in the late 17th century?

By the late 17th century, street lighting started to appear in cities and more people began to consider spending the night kipping a waste of valuable time.

Which word in the article means difficulty in sleeping?

Insomnia.

What technique for helping people fall asleep is mentioned?

Counting sheep.

Glossary 词汇表

bright-eyed and bushy-tailed 精神抖擞

to drop off 去睡觉

to hit the sack 去睡觉

to recharge your batteries 养精蓄锐

a sleeping pattern 睡眠习惯

shut-eye 闭上眼睛

to kip （口语化）睡觉/打盹

wide awake 没有困意

to toss and turn 翻来覆去/辗转反侧

the land of nod 睡乡/梦乡

insomnia 失眠

a sleep psychologist 研究睡眠的心理学家

slumber 睡眠

counting sheep 数数

to nod off 入睡