英语听力精选进阶版 7161（在线收听）

Background: 背景：在2010世界杯比赛中，英格兰的一粒有效进球却被裁判误吹无效；而阿根廷在越位情况下对墨西哥的一粒进球，却被判有效。绿茵场上，裁判频频出现错误。为什么足球场上不引进现代电子技术来改变裁判的误判呢？这成为一大争议。

And yes, with the hindsight of video replays it was in. Frank Lampard, the England midfielder, chipped the keeper, the ball hit the underside of the crossbar, bounced over the goal-line and back out.

It all happened quickly and in a matter of split seconds, neither the referee nor his assistant had seen it and the game went on. So why not introduce technology which eliminates such mistakes by referees?

Well, the reasons for football's resistance are ideological and practical. Sepp Blatter, who's the president of the world football governing body, FIFA, says the organisation hasn't as yet come upon a foolproof system. Trials of the 3-D Hawk-Eye was found to be 95, and not 100 percent, accurate. Another system which uses a computer chip in the ball is too expensive as it requires the entire pitch to be wired.

Mr Blatter also said that the way the game is played and the technology available should be the same from grassroots to the top level. There is also the flow of the game to consider, which opponents fear would be spoiled by interruptions to solve disputes.

Then there's the slippery-slope argument – if instant technology is used to settle goals today, then why not for fouls tomorrow? But the final and perhaps most compelling reason for resisting technology and keeping referees fallible, is that despite the heartbreaks it keeps everyone talking.

Glossary 词汇表

hindsight 事后确认 

midfielder 中场球员 

chipped the keeper 吊射守门员 

crossbar 球门横杆 

split seconds 瞬间 

eliminates 减少、消除 

come upon 找到、碰到 

foolproof system 错误防范系统 

Hawk-Eye 鹰眼（电子裁判系统） 

computer chip 电子芯片 

wired 用线路接通 

grassroots 基层、底层 

slippery-slope argument 滑坡辩证法 

fallible 容易犯错的

Questions and Answers

True or false? In the report, Frank Lampard's goal wasn't seen by the referee and his assistant. 

True. The goal happened too quickly and wasn't seen by either the referee or his assistant.

In the report, has FIFA found an electronic foolproof system to use for football matches? 

The president of FIFA says they haven't come upon a foolproof system.

True or false? Trials of the 3-D Hawk-Eye system proved to be 100% accurate. 

False. Trials found that 3-D Hawk-Eye system was only 95% accurate.

What do opponents fear if an electronic foolproof system is used during a football match? 

They fear the match will be spoiled by interruptions.