英语听力精选进阶版 7457（在线收听）

The incumbent Goodluck Jonathan has been officially declared the winner in Nigeria’s presidential election. However, Mr Jonathan has had to appeal for calm as violence erupted across parts of northern Nigeria in response to his victory. From Abuja, here’s Caroline Duffield.

官方正式宣布现任总统乔纳森(Goodluck Jonathan)为尼日利亚总统选举获胜者。然而，由于乔纳森获胜，尼日利亚北部部分地区爆发暴力活动，他不得不呼吁大家平静下来。阿布贾，Caroline Duffield报道。

Goodluck Jonathan received nearly 23 million votes in the presidential election, while his rival General Muhammadu Buhari got just over 12 million. But minutes before the declaration, Goodluck Jonathan was appealing for calm. Angry youths, supporters of the defeated Mr Buhari, have torched homes, churches and cars, and set up burning barricades in towns and cities across northern Nigeria. So far, General Buhari’s party, the Congress for Progressive Change, have steadily refused to condemn the violence or to call for calm.

乔纳森在总统选举中赢得了接近2300万张选票，而他的竞争对手布哈里只获得了1200万张选票。但是选举结果宣布之前几分钟，乔纳森呼吁大家平静下来。愤怒的年轻人，被击败的候选人布哈里的支持者在尼日利亚北部城镇将房屋，教堂和汽车付之一炬，并设置了燃烧着的路障。目前为止，布哈里的政党，进步变革大会一直拒绝谴责暴力活动，也没有呼吁他们平静下来。

A ship chartered by an aid agency has evacuated about 1,000 people from the Libyan city of Misurata, which is under constant siege by Colonel Gaddafi’s forces. The International Organisation for Migration said thousands more were waiting to be rescued in what it described as an increasingly perilous situation.

由救援机构租赁的一艘船只从利比亚城市米苏拉塔疏散了大约1000人。这座城市一直被卡扎菲上校的力量包围。国际移民组织表示，目前的形势越来越危险，仍然有数千人等待救援。

An international credit rating agency has downgraded its assessment of the long-term outlook for government finances in the United States from ‘stable’ to ‘negative’. The US Treasury responded by saying the agency had underestimated the ability of American leaders to come together and address the fiscal challenges facing the country. From Washington, Paul Adams sent this report.

一家国际信用评级机构将对美国政府财政的长期前景评估从“稳定”降低到“消极”。美国财政部回应称，该机构低估了美国领导人团结起来解决国家面临的财政挑战的能力。华盛顿，Paul Adams报道。

In revising its outlook, Standard & Poor's has waded into a highly charged political debate about how to cut America’s vast and growing budget deficit. Despite the country’s economic strength, the agency says America’s fiscal profile has deteriorated steadily over the past decade. And in a statement of the obvious, it says that the gap between the Republican and Democratic parties over how to address the problem remains wide. There’s a significant risk, it says, that congressional negotiations will not result in agreement on a fiscal strategy until after the 2012 presidential elections.

在修订信用评定等级的时候，标准普尔公司猛烈攻击了怎样削减美国巨大的，不断增长的财政赤字的政治辩论。尽管美国经济开始增长，该机构表示，过去十年，美国的财政状况已经逐步恶化。在一份声明中，该机构表示，关于怎样解决这个问题，民主党和共和党之间仍然存在严重的分歧。而且，目前美国还面临着一个风险，国会谈判可能直到2012年总统选举过后还不能就财政策略达成协议。

Opposition activists in Syria say thousands of anti-government protesters have occupied the centre of the country’s third largest city Homs. There were funerals on Monday in Homs for some of the eight people killed in violence there on Sunday. Owen Bennett-Jones reports.

叙利亚反对派积极分子表示，数千名反政府抗议者占领了第三大城市霍姆斯的市中心。周一，霍姆斯民众为在周日的暴力活动中遇难的八人中的几人举行葬礼。Owen Bennett-Jones报道。

Video footage put on the Internet by opposition activists shows thousands of people sitting on the ground in the main square of Homs. The activists say that the people will stay there until their political demands are met, and they include the immediate lifting of Syria’s long-standing emergency laws and the release of political prisoners. Syria’s official news agency has also been reporting on events in Homs. It says three army officers, including a brigadier-general, were ambushed and killed on Sunday by armed criminal gangs who then mutilated the bodies with sharp tools.

反对派积极分子上传到互联网上的录像资料显示，数千人在霍姆斯主要广场席地而坐。积极分子表示，他们将一直待在那里，直到他们的政治要求得到满足，其中包括立即废除叙利亚实施已久的紧急法律，并释放政治犯。叙利亚官方新闻机构也在报告霍姆斯的形势。据称，周日，武装犯罪团伙伏击了包括一名准将在内的三名陆军军官，并使用利器将他们的尸体砍断。

World News from the BBC

Clashes have taken place in Yemen between security personnel and anti-government protesters in the city of Hudaydah. Dozens were wounded when police fired tear gas and used batons to disperse protesters, many of whom responded by throwing stones. More than 100 people have died in two months of protests calling for the president Ali Abdullah Saleh to step down.

也门安全力量与反政府抗议者在Hudaydah发生冲突。警方使用催泪弹和警棍驱散抗议者，抗议者扔石头回击，造成数十人受伤。在要求总统萨利赫下台的为期两个月的抗议活动中，已有100多人死亡。

Police in India have clashed with fishermen and villagers furious over plans to build the world’s biggest nuclear power plant on the coast of the western state of Maharashtra. One person was killed when several hundred people attacked a police station near the site. Marianne Landzettel reports.

当地渔民和村民对印度政府在西部马哈拉施特拉海岸建造世界上最大的核电站的计划表示愤怒，与警方发生冲突。数百人袭击附近一个警察局，造成1人死亡。Marianne Landzettel报道。

The construction of the first of six reactors is to start later this year despite massive protests across India. The protesters have mostly been fishermen and villagers living nearby who are bitterly opposed to the project. Fishermen fear that water temperatures will rise and they will lose access to fertile fishing grounds. Environmental experts point out that Konkan is one of the most bio-diverse regions on earth, and they insist it will be destroyed. The latest protests started after the environment minister issued a statement ruling out cancelling the project.

尽管印度各地民众强烈抗议，六座反应堆中的第一座的建设工作仍将在今年年底开始。抗议者大部分是居住在附近的渔民和村民，他们强烈反对该工程。渔民担心水温会上升，他们可能会失去物产丰富的渔场。环境专家指出，Konkan是地球上生物物种最丰富的地区之一，建造核电站将把这里的物种多样性完全毁坏。环境部长发表声明排除取消该项目的可能性之后引发了最新的抗议活动。

The Russian President Dmitry Medvedev has said that drug abuse has become such a big problem that is costing the Russian economy up to $37 billion each year. Mr Medvedev said Russia may have to resort to drugs testing in schools to tackle the problem. Russian officials estimate that there are about 2.5 million drug addicts in the country and there are about 30,000 drugs-related deaths each year.

俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫表示，吸毒已经成为非常严重的问题，每年耗费俄罗斯经济370亿美元的资金。梅德韦杰夫表示，俄罗斯将在学校进行毒品检测来应对这个问题。俄罗斯官员估计，全国大约有250万人有毒瘾，每年有30,000人因毒品死亡。

One of Italy’s leading businessmen, Pietro Ferrero, has died after falling off his bicycle during a business trip to South Africa. Mr Ferrero, who was 47, ran a huge family firm that produces international brands such as Nutella and Ferrero Rocher chocolates.

意大利企业大亨费雷罗(Pietro Ferrero)在南非进行商务旅行时从自行车上跌落身亡。47岁的费雷罗(Pietro Ferrero)运营着一个巨大的家族企业，生产一系列国际品牌，例如Nutella和Ferrero Rocher巧克力。