VOA慢速英语2019 美国财政部官员被提名世界银行行长（在线收听）

US Treasury Official Nominated to Lead World Bank

President Donald Trump has nominated David Malpass to lead the World Bank.

川普总统提名了戴维·马尔帕斯（David Malpass）担任世界银行行长。

Malpass is currently an official with the United States Treasury Department. Trump called him the “right person to take on this…important job.”

马尔帕斯目前是美国财政部官员，川普称他为“接任这项重要职位的正确人选。”

Malpass has been a sharp critic of the 189-nation World Bank. He has said that the bank has worked too much on its own growth and not enough on its main duties, like fighting poverty.

马尔帕斯一直是由189个成员国组成的世界银行的尖锐批评者。他曾表示，世界银行在自身增长方面做得太多，而在对抗贫困等主要职责方面却做得不够。

On Wednesday, Trump spoke to White House reporters about his nominee.

周三，川普对白宫记者谈到了他的提名人。

“He has fought to ensure financing is (for) the places and projects that truly need assistance, including people living in extreme poverty,” the U.S. president said.

川普说：“他一直在努力确保为真正需要的地方和项目提供资金，包括那些生活在极端贫困中的人们。”

Malpass was an economic adviser to Trump’s presidential election campaign in 2016.

马尔帕斯是2016年川普总统竞选活动的经济顾问。

The nomination shows that the Trump administration wants more control over the World Bank. The bank is an international lending organization that assists developing countries. Its most recent president, Jim Yong Kim, left the position in January, three years before his term was to end.

这个提名表明川普政府希望扩大对世界银行的控制。世界银行是一个协助发展中国家的国际借贷组织。该行上任行长金墉于一月份离职，当时距离他的任期结束还有3年。

Malpass has said that he will work at the World Bank to push the Trump administration’s goals for developing countries. One goal, he said, would be to make changes to the bank that he and Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin helped negotiate.

马尔帕斯表示，他将在世界银行推动川普政府对发展中国家的目标。他说，其中一个目标就是对该行做出改革，这也是他和美国财长斯蒂文·姆努钦（Steve Mnuchin）帮助谈判下来的。

Malpass also said he would work to improve the standing of women around the world. An important “goal will be to ensure that women achieve full participation in developing economies,” he said.

马尔帕斯还表示将会致力于提高全球女性的地位。他说，其中一个重要目标是确保发展中国家的女性充分参与。

Criticism of international lending agencies

对国际借贷机构的批评

On Wednesday, the nominee met with reporters to explain his longtime criticism of the bank and its sister lending organization, the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

周三，这位被提名人与记者会面，解释了他长期以来对世界银行及其姊妹机构国际货币基金组织的批评。

Malpass said his efforts dating back more than 30 years have been aimed at reforming both organizations. He noted the work he had done in the Trump administration to get approval for a $13 billion capital increase for the World Bank. It was the bank’s first increase in eight years, and it included several lending reforms.

马尔帕斯表示，他30多年来的努力一直致力于改革这两个组织。他提到了他在川普政府中所做的工作，让世界银行增资130亿美元获得了批准。这是世界银行8年来首次增资，其中还包括几项贷款改革。

Malpass said he hopes to carry out other reforms, including enacting restrictions on loans to major developing nations, such as China and India.

马尔帕斯表示，他希望进行其他改革，包括限制对中国和印度等发展中国家的贷款。

Malpass said he believes these countries are too wealthy to receive economic aid. He said the bank’s loans to those countries took money that should be going to poorer nations.

马尔帕斯表示，他认为这些国家太富裕了，不应该获得经济援助。他说，世界银行给这些国家的贷款占用了本应流向更贫穷国家的资金。

“I am looking forward to working with China and others” to get repayment on their loans," Malpass said.

马尔帕斯表示：“我期待与中国等国家合作，让他们偿还贷款。”

The World Bank and IMF were created in the 1940s. Since then, the bank has always been led by an American and the IMF has always been led by a European. The United States is the largest shareholder in both organizations.

世界银行和国际货币基金组织成立于20世纪40年代。自那以后，世界银行一直由美国人领导，而国际货币基金组织一直由欧洲人领导。美国是这两个组织的最大股东。

Malpass served in Treasury and State Department jobs during the presidencies of Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush. He also worked at investment bank Bear Stearns, where he was chief economist before its 2008 collapse.

马尔帕斯在里根以及老布什总统任期内担任过财政部和国务院的职务。他还在贝尔斯登投资银行工作，在2008年该行倒闭前担任首席经济师。

I'm Susan Shand.

Words in This Story

achieve – v. to meet a goal

participation – n. joining in