VOA常速英语2019--购物习惯可帮助网上卖家预防诈骗（在线收听）

Smartphones make it easier than ever to buy on the fly, but how do online stores know it’s really you making those purchases? One of the challenges that online retailers, merchants and especially in the financial community have with online is the fact that you’re not actually seeing that individual in real life. Don Duncan, NuData security says, patterns in our digital behavior can help online companies determine whether it’s really us logging in or someone with stolen credentials. Looking at things such as when I enter information into the application, do I long press, short press? Do I use portrait or landscape? How do I hold the device in terms of proximity? These so-called passive biometrics can provide a more nuanced nap shot of customers.

智能手机降低了购物的难度，但网上的店面如何知道是你本人在购物呢？有一个挑战是网上的零售商、商家特别是金融界的在线商家锁面临的，即这样一个事实——他们面对的顾客实际上不是实际生活中的人。NuData安全员顿表示，我们的数字行为模式可以帮助网上的公司判断是否是我们本人在登录还是有人窃取了我们的认证信息。看这些要素，比如：我是何时将信息输入应用程序的？我会长按还是短按？我是用肖像还是风景图？我拿手机的时候离的有多近？这些所谓的被动生物识别技术可以提供客户更细致的信息。

Using technology that’s already built into mobile devices like accelerometers and GPS, geographic location is really the starting point to identify, you know, where is that user? Where is the device connecting from? Unlike passwords or fingerprints which have to be physically entered, passive biometrics were behind the scenes while users interact as they normally would. We have a few lines of code inside the web or mobile application, and all that does is provide us information from the device. We process it and return that intelligence back to the web, mobile application. Even factors like typing speed or the angle at which a phone is held can become authentication tools. And in the age of major data breaches, passive biometrics could mean merchants no longer have to rely solely on logins and passwords. NuData is owned by MasterCard which has already implemented the technology for its merchants. By not having a single data point for that validation, it allowed us to provide risk or intelligence to the online brand. For users, a more secure online experience could be right at their fingertips.

通过嵌入移动设备中的技术，如加速度计和GPS技术，就可以实现。地理位置是判断的切入点，这样我们可以知道用户的位置，他们连接网络所用的设备来自何方。与密码和指纹不同的是：密码和指纹需要物理输入，而被动生物识别技术在幕后进行的，而且用户可以像往常一样交互。我们在网络或者移动应用程序内部就有几行代码，这些代码的作用是为我们提供有关设备的信息。我们对这些信息进行处理，并将信息返回到网络端和移动应用程序端。就连打字速度和我手机的角度这样的要素也可以成为认证工具。在重要数据泄露猖獗的时代，由万事达信用卡所有的NuData已经开始为用户采用这样的技术。验证过程不需要单一的数据点，就能让我们给网上的品牌提供风险信息。对用户来说，他们也可以自己掌控安全度更高的网上购物体验。