2019年经济学人 一周要闻 中国对美贸易顺差不降反增 央行向银行体系注入5700亿人民币 中国汽车销量28年来首次下滑（在线收听）

The world this week

本周要闻

Business

商业

Worse-than-expected trade data from China accentuated concerns about the country’s economic slowdown. Exports fell by 4.4% in December compared with the same month in 2017 and imports by 7.6%. Imports of goods from America slumped by 36% amid the two countries’ trade war. Despite the imposition of tariffs, China still recorded an annual trade surplus with the United States of $323bn, up by 17% from the previous year.

中国贸易数据逊于预期，这加剧了人们对中国经济放缓的担忧。中国12月出口同比下降4.4%，进口下降7.6%。在两国的贸易战中，从美国进口的商品下降了36%。尽管征收了关税，中国对美国的年度贸易顺差仍然达到了3230亿美元，比前一年增长了17%。

China’s central bank, meanwhile, injected 570bn yuan ($84bn) into the banking system in order “to maintain reasonably adequate liquidity”. The Chinese new year, which starts on February 5th, is normally associated with a surge in cash transactions.

与此同时，中国央行向银行体系注资5700亿元人民币(合840亿美元)，以“维护银行体系流动性合理充裕”。中国农历新年（从2月5日起）通常与现金交易的激增联系在一起。

Reverse gear

倒挡的汽车市场

Sales of passenger cars in China fell last year for the first time since 1990, puncturing the growth forecasts of the car industry. Despite a strong start to 2018, overall sales of passenger vehicles dropped by 4.1% over the 12 months, dragged down in part by a weaker yuan and the withdrawal of a tax break in late 2017. Sales of electric cars motored ahead, however, accounting for 4% of vehicle sales. The government wants this to reach 20% by 2025.

去年，中国轿车销量自1990年以来首次下降，打破了汽车业的增长预期。尽管2018年开局强劲，但过去12个月轿车总销量下降了4.1%，部分原因是人民币走软以及2017年底取消税收减免。然而，电动汽车的销量却遥遥领先，占汽车销量的4%。政府希望到2025年达到20%。

Carlos Ghosn’s application for bail was rejected by a court in Tokyo. Mr Ghosn has been in custody since his arrest in November over allegations of financial misconduct at Nissan, where he was subsequently sacked as chairman. Renault, which owns 43% of Nissan and stood by Mr Ghosn as he was “temporarily incapacitated”, was reportedly preparing to replace him as its chief executive and chairman.

卡洛斯·戈恩的保释申请被东京一家法院驳回。自去年11月被控在日产汽车存在财务不当行为被捕后，戈恩一直被拘留。随后，戈恩被日产汽车解雇。雷诺拥有日产汽车43%的股份，并在戈恩“暂时无法任职”时力挺他。据报道，雷诺正在物色接替戈恩首席执行官和董事长职位的人选。