VOA常速英语2019--约翰逊或靠民众力量实现脱欧（在线收听）

New faces and a fresh approach. Newly installed British Prime Minister Boris Johnson conducted a brutal government reshuffle this week, purging the cabinet of rivals and rewarding loyalists and pro Brexit politicians. In his first speech to Parliament, Johnson pledged above all to leave the EU on October 31st. To do, otherwise would cause a catastrophic loss of confidence in our political system. He said that withdrawal agreement had to be renegotiated including the removal of the so-called Irish backstop, which would keep Britain closely bound to the EU if an eventual trade deal fails to remove the need for a hard border. Johnson promised a golden age awaited Britain after Brexit. We will throw ourselves into these negotiations with the greatest energy and determination, adding a spirit of friendship and I hope that the EU will be equally ready and that they will rethink their current refusal to make any changes to the withdrawal event. If they do not if they do not, we will of course have to leave the UK without an agreement under Article 50.

新的面孔，新的方法。新上任的英国首相约翰逊本周进行了内阁大洗牌，清除了内阁中的对手，奖励了忠诚的大臣和支持脱欧的政客。在面向议会的首次演讲中，约翰逊首先承诺会在10月31日脱欧。如果这件事做不成，我们的政治体系就会失信于他人。约翰逊表示，脱欧协议必须要重新商讨，包括取代爱尔兰边境保护措施的内容，这样会让英国始终与欧洲保持紧密的联系，如果最终脱欧协议没能删掉对硬边界的要求的话。约翰逊承诺，脱欧成功后，黄金时代在等着英国。我们会竭尽全力、下定决心商讨脱欧事务，也会带着一丝友善去协商。我希望欧盟同样能做好百分百的准备，也希望欧盟能重新思考目前拒绝就脱欧事宜作出改变的想法。如果欧盟不转变，那么我们只能根据第50条来进行无协议脱欧了。

That threat brought condemnation from the opposition and from Europe. And No Deal is a British threat. The only people who can cause No Deal is United Kingdom government. The position of the European Union and the position of Ireland has not changed. The backstop is an integral part of the parol agreement. Parliament rejected the withdrawal agreement negotiated by Johnson’s predecessor Teresa May 3 times. MPs have also threatened to block any attempt to leave the EU with No Deal fearing economic devastation. Boris Johnson has not ruled out suspending Parliament to force an exit with potentially huge constitutional implications. The positions in parliament will be even more entrenched now and so in a way he faces a more difficult task with Parliament than Mrs May did. All he can hope for is that this message of optimism is going to be echoed back by the country. The country is going to respond to that and that will make it very much more difficult for parliamentarians to continue in their resistance. Johnson’s only way through the political quagmire could be to go back to the people. I think really as much as anything, his rhetoric is gearing up for a general election campaign in which he is going to invite the British public to choose between optimism and defeatism. You can almost see his attack lines being written for him all ready for that forthcoming election. The EU might agree another extension to Brexit to allow for an election, but polls show no one party gaining a majority and the public deeply split. Despite the new government, Britain is facing the same problems with no clear end to its ongoing political Crisis.

约翰逊的威胁性言论招致了英国反对派以及欧盟的谴责。无协议脱欧是英国的威胁说法。唯一能导致无协议脱欧的只有英国政府自己。欧盟的立场和爱尔兰的立场没有改变。爱尔兰边境保护措施是协议的有机组成部分。英国议会曾3次否决约翰逊前任——特蕾莎与欧盟商定的脱欧协议。一些英国议员也曾威胁称要阻止无协议脱欧的尝试，因为他们担心会导致经济衰退。约翰逊并未暂停议会来强制脱欧的可能性，这样可能会对宪法造成巨大影响。议员的地位更加不可撼动了，所以从某种程度来看，约翰逊与国会纠缠的任务难度比特蕾莎要难。约翰逊唯一能希望的就是积极的讯息能够得到整个国家的响应。整个英国会对此做出反应的，而这回让议员们更难抵制约翰逊的做法。约翰逊克服政治困境的唯一方法就是寄希望于人民。我觉得他的说辞很有可能会跟在竞选期间一样，他会邀请英国公众在乐观主义和失败主义之间做出选择。你几乎已经能看到他的进攻线路已经准备好，是为即将到来的大选而准备的。欧盟可能会批准脱欧再次延期，以便容英国进行大选。但民调显示，没有任何一个政党获得多数席位，英国正在上演的政治危机也似乎看不到头。