2019年经济学人 IPCC土地使用报告(2)（在线收听）

This, in turn, increases the amount of greenhouse gases being released by landmasses, which further accelerates global warming.

这反过来增加了陆块的温室气体释放量，进一步加速了全球变暖。

A swelling human population also needs more land to feed itself. Balancing these needs—for space to grow food on the one hand,

增加的人口也需要更多土地供养。平衡这些需求—一方面有地可种，

and natural carbon sinks to keep temperatures low on the other—is a huge challenge. There are, however, solutions.

另一方面天然碳汇可保持低温—是一个巨大的挑战。但有解决办法。

Recently, a report by the World Resources Institute, a multinational think-tank,

近期跨国智囊团—世界资源研究所的一份报告

listed 22 actions that could be taken to feed, sustainably, close to 10bn people by 2050.

列出了22项可采取的行动，以持续供养至2050年接近100亿的人口。

Number one on that list is stopping deforestation, along with efforts to regenerate degraded ecosystems.

名单上的第一条就是停止砍伐森林，以及努力恢复退化的生态系统。

Reducing food waste is also important. More than a quarter of what the world grows to eat is never actually consumed.

减少食物浪费也很重要。世界上超过四分之一的粮食实际上从未被消费掉。

That creates a huge carbon footprint to no benefit. And diets themselves need to change.

这造成了巨大的碳足迹，却毫无益处。饮食本身也需要改变。

In particular, raising livestock contributes disproportionately to the problem.

尤其是养牲畜不成比例地加剧了这一问题。

That means eating less meat, an admonition directed mainly at rich countries,

这意味着少吃肉，这一警告主要针对富裕国家

whose people, often overweight, might in any case benefit from going on a diet.

这些国家的人通常都超重，或许不管怎样他们都能从节食中获益。

This last point presented one bone of contention between the 195 government delegations charged with approving the panel's report.

最后一点是195个负责批准报告的政府之间的争论焦点之一。

The role of bioenergy (growing crops for fuel) and BECCS (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage) was another.

生物能（种植燃料作物）以及碳捕获和储存（BECCS）的作用是另一个争议点。

A previous IPCC report, published in 2018, on the feasibility of limiting global warming to 1.5°C,

IPCC之前在2018年发布的一份关于将全球变暖控制在1.5°C以内的可行性报告

made it abundantly clear that this would require large amounts of greenhouse gases be removed from the atmosphere and somehow stored away.

充分阐明了这样将需要从大气中去除大量的温室气体，并以某种方式储存起来。

BECCS, in which power stations capture and store the CO2 from burning biofuel, has been touted as a way to do that on a large scale,

BECCS（发电站捕捉并储存燃烧生物燃料中的二氧化碳）已被吹捧为大规模实现这一目标的一种方式，

but the area of land required to grow the biofuel needed to absorb billions of tonnes of CO2 would be enormous—several times the size of India.

但种植能够吸收数十亿公吨二氧化碳所需的生物燃料，其所需的土地面积将是巨大的—是印度面积的几倍。

Optimistically, the report's authors conclude that there should be enough room to provide a growing population with sufficient food,

该报告的作者们乐观地总结到，应该有足够的空间为不断增长的人口提供足够的食物，

without rushing towards a dangerously warm climate. There is, though, a caveat.

而不必冲向危险的温暖气候。不过有一点要注意。

That outcome would require what one commentator called a "global intelligent response".

这一结果将需要一位评论员所说的“全球智能反应”。

But the world, like the delegates, seems to be asleep.

但这个世界，就像代表们一样，似乎都睡着了。