2019年经济学人 血腥学者易卜拉欣·阿瓦徳(1)（在线收听）

Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi (born Ibrahim Awad), leader of Islamic State, blew himself up on October 26th, aged 48

阿布·巴克尔·巴格达迪(本名易卜拉欣·阿瓦徳)是伊斯兰国组织领袖，他于10月26日自爆结束了自己的生命，享年48岁。

No one paid particular attention to the boy who haunted his local mosque in Samarra, 60 miles north of Baghdad, and Ibrahim Awad never said much to them. When he did, he mumbled, being shy. His father taught Koranic chant there, so in his spare time Ibrahim would do the same, unobserved in some corner, muttering over the holy book. When it came to singing out, though, he would suddenly find his voice, making the words ring through the building. They noticed him then.

萨马拉位于巴格达以北60英里，没人注意到在当地的清真寺出没的易卜拉欣·阿瓦徳，他也从未和他们有过很多交流。他说话的时候都是喃喃自语，非常害羞。他的父亲在那里教《古兰经》，所以易卜拉欣会做同样的事，在某个没人的角落低声读着这本圣书。但是，在唱圣歌的时候，阿瓦德会突然找到自己的声音，让歌声响彻在整座建筑中。这样他们就会注意到他。

In much the same way, over the years, he worked unobtrusively towards leadership of the world's most feared terrorist group, Islamic State: towards control of an area covering 34,000 square miles, and command over bloody and random attacks as far a field as Paris, Sri Lanka, Florida and Manchester. He moved from one jihadist outfit to another invisibly and with discipline.

多年来，差不多是用同样的方式，他悄悄地朝着这个世界上最恐怖的组织伊斯兰国领袖努力。朝着控制34000平方英里的区域努力，指挥的血腥和随机袭击远至巴黎，斯里兰卡，佛罗里达和曼彻斯特。他严于律己，悄然地从一个圣战组织转移到另一个。

Although his head was full of lions, unsheathed swords and infidels dying in their own blood, he did not fight. He behaved like a secretary, serving the tea at meetings and fading into the background. One of his aliases was "the Ghost". When he was not driving by night to meet jihadists, he was finishing his doctoral thesis on medieval Koran icrecitation. But in June 2014, in the pulpit of the Grand Mosque in Mosul, the city his forces had easily overrun only days before, he once more found his voice.

虽然他的脑袋里满是狮子、出鞘的剑和死于自己同胞中的异教徒，但他没有战斗。他像一个秘书一样行事，在会议上送茶，消失在背景中。他的一个别名是“幽灵”。当他不是在夜间驾驶去会见圣战者时，他就是在完成关于中世纪《古兰经》的博士论文。但2014年6月，在摩苏尔大清真寺的讲坛上，他又一次找到了自己的声音。就在几天前，他的部队轻而易举地占领了这座城市。