美国国家公共电台 NPR 美国众议院发布弹劾调查报告 特朗普滥用职权并妨碍调查（在线收听）

House Democrats, led by Intelligence Committee chairman Adam Schiff, have released a 300-page report on their findings in the ongoing impeachment investigation of President Trump. As expected, the report concludes that the president used the power of his office to solicit interference from Ukraine to benefit his 2020 reelection. The House Intelligence Committee has voted to approve the report. And it will be sent to the House Judiciary Committee, which will use it to write possible articles of impeachment. NPR congressional correspondent Susan Davis joins us now.

Hey, Sue.

SUSAN DAVIS, BYLINE: Hey, Ailsa.

CHANG: So far, you know, this investigation, it's largely played out on live national TV before the House Intelligence Committee. Are there really any surprises left to reveal in this report?

DAVIS: No major surprises, but there is some new information in the report. One nugget included in here is that the committee has obtained phone records — they weren't clear how they obtained them — involving players in this story, including Rudy Giuliani, the president's personal lawyer. Schiff says the phone records further corroborate the timeline of events and that there was direct coordination with the White House.

Schiff also made clear and the report makes clear that they're not done on their end of the investigation. Schiff told reporters today he thinks there's enough to move forward into the judiciary committee process. But intel is going to keep investigating things, specifically things like when the timeline occurred, whether it's — whether the actions of the Trump administration started earlier than we believe. And he also said they could send further supplemental reports to the judiciary committee.

The big top-line takeaway is what we already know. It concludes that President Trump pressured Ukrainian President Zelenskiy — and with the help of figures in his administration — to investigate Joe Biden's family. It concludes the president used pressure tactics, including withholding a White House meeting and U.S. military assistance. We should note that Republicans point out that, you know, you can't impeach some — they argue you can't impeach the president for things that didn't ultimately happen because the president did ultimately meet with Zelenskiy, though not at the White House...

CHANG: Right. But Democrats say that's not the point.

DAVIS: ...Exactly — and that the assistance was released but only after Congress became aware of that whistleblower complaint.

The report also accuses the president of obstructing the congressional investigation. And it makes a point to name-check three senior administration officials — the acting chief of staff Mick Mulvaney, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and secretary of Energy Rick Perry — saying all three were "part of this process and it happened with their knowledge and approval."

CHANG: Yeah. And those are the three people — or three of some people that Congress has not heard from at all during this entire impeachment inquiry. The fact that they haven't testified still leaves large missing pieces in this story, doesn't it?

DAVIS: Yeah. I mean, there's a lot of players in this story that Congress hasn't heard from. You know, 12 current or former administration officials refused to testify, including 10 under — who defied subpoenas. Notably, the president, speaking to reporters today, said he was open to having people like Mulvaney and Pompeo and Perry testify but not in the House. He said he would be open to having fresh testimony if there is a Senate trial. It's a reminder that there's still, you know, some potential wild cards that could play out in this impeachment process. And we could still find out more information as it moves forward.

CHANG: So does this report from the intel committee offer any clues, any clarity on what kind of articles of impeachment we might see come out of the judiciary committee?

DAVIS: The report makes a point to break down into two sections; one that involves the president's alleged misconduct surrounding the requests for those investigations and the president's obstruction of the investigation into that conduct. That's a pretty clear roadmap for possible articles of impeachment.

CHANG: OK.

DAVIS: Schiff has been the most clear that he thinks that an article of impeachment on obstruction is very likely to be one of those articles. How exactly they write that is now up to the House Judiciary Committee. It's the only committee that has the power to draft articles of impeachment.

CHANG: All right. And the judiciary committee will be holding a hearing tomorrow with legal scholars on what constitutes impeachable offenses. There could be more hearings after that. Are lawmakers still saying that they want to wrap this all up by the end of the year?

DAVIS: They are. I mean, Schiff said today he believed that they have what they need to move forward now. Judiciary isn't necessarily expected to do more investigative work. They're not hearing from more fact witnesses. One thing that the Democrats are going to need to make sure of before they move forward is if they have the votes to do it on their own. One thing this report has made clear, including the Republican prebuttal to the report — there are no defections within the Republican Party, and Democrats are going to have to do it on their own.

CHANG: That's NPR's congressional correspondent Susan Davis.

Thanks, Sue.

DAVIS: You're welcome.

在众议院情报委员会主席亚当·席夫的主导下，众议院民主党人发布了一份长达300页的报告，就正在进行的针对特朗普总统的弹劾调查进行说明。正如所料，报告得出的结论是：总统滥用职权，寻求乌克兰干预，使自已在2020年连任竞选中获益。众议院情报委员会投票批准了这份报告。接下来，报告将提交众议院司法委员会，该委员会将利用报告起草弹劾条款。NPR新闻驻国会记者苏珊·戴维斯将和我们连线。

你好，苏。

苏珊·戴维斯连线：你好，艾尔萨。

张：截至目前，众议院情报委员会的调查进展基本都进行了全国现场直播。那这份报告有揭示令人吃惊的情况吗？

戴维斯：没有特别出人意料的消息，不过报告提供了一些新信息。其中一个重要情况是，委员会获得了总统私人律师鲁迪·朱利安尼等涉案人物的通话记录，不过目前并不清楚他们是如何得到这些记录的。席夫表示，通话记录进一步证实了事件的时间线，同时证实白宫直接参与了协调。

席夫明确指出，这份报告清楚表明他们的调查还没有结束。席夫今天对记者表示，他认为现在足以进入司法委员会进程。但情报委员会将继续调查，特别是查清准确的时间线，以及特朗普政府开始行动的时间是否比我们所认为的还要早。他还指出，他们会将补充报告提交司法委员会。

最关键的内容我们已经得知。报告的结论表明，特朗普总统向乌克兰总统泽连斯基施压，在其政府官员的帮助下，调查乔·拜登的家人。报告指出，总统使用了高压策略，包括拒绝在白宫与乌克兰总统会面以及扣留美国对乌克兰的军事援助。我们应该说明的是，共和党人指出，不能因为最终并未发生的事情而弹劾总统，因为总统最后与泽连斯基举行了会谈，即使地点不是在白宫。

张：好。但民主党人认为这不是重点。

戴维斯：没错，军事援助虽然发放，但那是在国会知道举报信的存在之后。

报告还指责总统阻挠国会调查。需要强调的是，报告称，三名高级政府官员——代理白宫办公厅主任米克·马尔瓦尼、美国国务卿迈克·蓬佩奥以及时任能源部长里克·佩里——“均参与其中，而且三人知道并批准了这一行为”。

张：好。在整个弹劾调查中，国会并未听取这三个人的证词。事实上，他们并未作证使这一事件缺失了大量内容，对吧？

戴维斯：对。许多涉案人物都没有出席国会听证会。你知道，有12名现任或前政府官员拒绝作证，其中10人藐视国会传唤。值得注意的是，总统今天对记者表示，他愿意让马尔瓦尼、蓬佩奥和佩里作证，但不是在众议院作证。他说，如果参议院进行审理，他愿意有新的证词出现。这提醒我们，这一弹劾进程仍有一些潜在的未知因素会发挥作用。随着进程的推进，我们仍会发现更多信息。

张：就我们可能看到司法委员会公布的弹劾条款来说，情报委员会公布的这份报告是否提供了一些线索，或是否明确了一些事情？

戴维斯：该报告主要分为两个部分：其一，就调查要求来说，总统涉嫌存在不当行为，其二，总统妨碍了针对这些不当行为的调查。这对可能的弹劾条款来说是一份明确的路线图。

张：好。

戴维斯：席夫最确定的是，他认为弹劾条款中极有可能包含阻碍调查这项。现在，弹劾条款具体要如何起草将由众议院司法委员会来决定。该委员会是唯一有权起草弹劾条款的委员会。

张：好。司法委员会将在明天举行听证会，就构成弹劾罪名的法律基础询问法律专家。之后可能还将举行更多听证会。现在议员依然计划在今年年底前结束调查吗？

戴维斯：没错。席夫今天表示，他相信他们现在已经得到了推动进程所需的条件。司法机关不一定会进行更多调查工作。他们不会听取更多事实证人的证词。民主党人需要在推进调查之前确认的一件事是，他们是否掌握了足够票数。报告明确指出，包括预先驳斥这份报告的共和党人在内，共和党内没有反水者，因此，民主党必须依靠自已。

张：以上是NPR新闻驻国会记者苏珊·戴维斯带来的报道。

谢谢你，苏。

戴维斯：不客气。