国家地理 伊朗的波斯游牧民为什么逐渐消失(3)（在线收听）

As the number of nomads has fallen, the strongest advocates of settling down have been the nomadic women. Their lives are tough, and they know it. Zahra Amiri, 61 and the mother of nine, wakes up at dawn and brings water from a well, a long walk. After that she bakes bread and prepares breakfast. Often she joins her husband while shepherding, milks the sheep, makes yogurt and cheese. Her hands and face are darkened by the sun. If there is any time between chores, she works on a kilim, or carpet. To reach their summer destination, her 24-year-old daughter, Forouzan, rode a horse, guiding her two sisters and eight mules carrying their belongings and a tent.

在游牧民人数减少过程中，最坚定的定居拥护者一直是游牧妇女。她们的生活很艰苦，而她们也清楚这一点。61岁的扎拉·阿米里是9个孩子的母亲，拂晓醒来，然后走很远从井里打来水，之后她要烤面包和准备早餐。她常常与丈夫一起牧羊、挤羊奶，作酸奶和奶酪，她的双手和脸庞被太阳晒得黑黑的。作家务的时候只要有一点空闲，她就编织地毯。为了到他们的夏季牧场，她24岁大的女儿福罗赞骑着马指挥她的两个妹妹和载着家里财产和一顶帐篷的8头骡子。

"After all these years of hard working, I have nothing to show for it, except these children and the sun," Amiri said. "Our only joy is to drink tea." Inheritance laws for nomads are officially no different from those for other Iranians, but in practice women rarely inherit anything. The nomadic custom is that women give away their inheritance rights to their brothers. On the other hand, women are allowed to ride horses and carry guns, and Amiri had both. Many Iranian nomadic men say that milking, getting water, and giving inheritances to women are eib, or improper, for men to do. Marzieh Esmaelipour, 33, said she wouldn't even consider asking for a share of an inheritance. "Everybody will talk bad about you if you do that," she said.

阿米里说：“通过这第多年艰苦工作，我没有什么可炫耀的，除了这些孩子和阳光。我们唯一的乐趣就是喝茶。”游牧民的遗产继承法律与其他伊朗人的没有正式的不同，但在实际执行中，妇女很少继承任何东西。另一方面，妇女被允许骑马和带枪，阿米里这两样都有。许多伊朗游牧男子说挤奶、打水，以及给女人遗产都是eib，或者不恰当地说，是男人的事。33岁的马尔基·艾斯玛丽波尔说她从来没有考虑过要一份遗产，她说：“只要你那样作，人人都会讲你坏话。”