2020年经济学人 一周要闻 苹果股价飙升 波音首次年度亏损 疫情或破坏全球经济（在线收听）

The world this week

一周要闻

Business

商业

The problems mounted at Boeing, as it more than doubled the cost it expects to incur from the grounding of the 737 max airliner, to $18.6bn. The aerospace company reported a net loss of $636m for 2019, its first annual loss in 22 years. The amount of debt it holds is ratcheting up. And it is cutting production of the Dreamliner. To cap it all, Boeing took a $410m charge in the fourth quarter because its Starliner unmanned spacecraft failed to dock with the International Space Station on its maiden voyage.

波音公司面临的问题越来越多，因为该公司预计，停飞波音737 max客机的成本将增加一倍以上，达到186亿美元。该航空公司报告称，2019年净亏损6.36亿美元，这是22年来首次出现年度亏损。它持有的债务数额正在逐步增加。该公司还削减了the Dreamliner机型的产量。最糟糕的是，波音在第四季度收取了4.1亿美元的费用，原因是其“Starliner”无人驾驶宇宙飞船在首航时未能与国际空间站对接。

By contrast, Apple reported record quarterly sales and profit figures. Revenue was up by 9% in the last three months of 2019 compared with the same quarter a year earlier, to $91.8bn. That generated a net profit of $22.2bn. Sales of the iPhone rebounded after several quarters of moribund growth; Apple is expected to release its first 5g phones later this year. The company’s share price jumped, pushing its market capitalisation above $1.4trn.

相比之下，苹果公布了创纪录的季度销售和利润数据。2019年最后三个月的收入同比增长9%，达到918亿美元。该公司实现净利润222亿美元。在经历了几个季度停滞不前的增长后，iPhone的销量出现反弹;苹果预计将在今年晚些时候发布首款5G手机。该公司股价飙升，推动其市值超过1.4万亿美元。

Along with many other companies, Apple warned about the potential impact of the coronavirus on its business. It has mitigation plans to counter the loss of production from its suppliers in Wuhan, the centre of the virus, but is uncertain about its supply from elsewhere in China. Foxconn, which assembles most of Apple’s iPhones in China, saw its share price plunge.

与许多其他公司一样，苹果也对冠状病毒对其业务的潜在影响发出了警告。该公司已制定了缓解计划，以应对其在疫情中心武汉的供应商的产量损失，但不确定是否能从中国其它地区获得供应。在中国组装苹果公司大部分iphone手机的富士康(Foxconn)股价暴跌。

Jerome Powell, the chairman of the Federal Reserve, said that the spreading coronavirus would probably cause “some disruption” to the global economy, but that it was unclear how far that would extend. The Fed left its benchmark interest rate unchanged at a range of between 1.5% and 1.75%.

美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔(Jerome Powell)表示，不断蔓延的冠状病毒疫情可能会对全球经济造成“一些破坏”，但目前尚不清楚这种影响会持续到何种程度。美联储将基准利率维持在1.5%至1.75%的区间不变。

The Japanese government sent a strong signal that it remains committed to its programme of quantitative-easing and negative interest rates by nominating Adachi Seiji to the policy board of the Bank of Japan. Mr Adachi is an ardent reflationist, who wants to ease monetary policy even further in order to achieve the central bank’s 2% inflation target. But as in other countries, the financial industry is becoming louder in pointing out the drawbacks to its business of long-term negative rates.

日本政府提名Adachi Seiji为日本央行(Bank of Japan)政策委员会成员，此举释放出一个强烈的信号，表明日本政府仍致力于其量化宽松和负利率计划。Adachi是一位狂热的通货再膨胀论者，他希望进一步放松货币政策，以实现央行设定的2%通胀目标。但与其他的国家一样，金融业越来越大声地指出长期负利率对其业务的不利之处。

McDonald’s said that like-for-like sales rose by 5.9% last year, the biggest such jump in a decade. The fast-food chain has revamped its menu and outlets, and has benefited from being included on a growing number of food-delivery apps.

麦当劳表示，去年同店销售额增长了5.9%，是十年来最大的增幅。这家快餐连锁店已经改进了菜单和门店，并从越来越多的外卖应用中受益。