PBS高端访谈:激发人们对海洋的热爱（在线收听）

JUDY WOODRUFF: Marine biologist Sylvia Earle has spent more than four decades at the forefront of ocean exploration. And, at 83, she shows no signs of slowing down. Earle was the first female chief scientist of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and was named Hero of the Planet in 1998 by TIME magazine. In tonight's Brief But Spectacular, she reflects on her passion for the ocean and the planet.

SYLVIA EARLE, Marine Biologist: The ocean got my attention when I was about 3 years old. A wave sneaked up behind me and knocked me off my feet. And my mother, kind of the mother of all mothers, instead of racing out to take me out of the ocean forever, saw the big smile on my face and let me run back in. And I have been running back in ever since. Two words of instruction, breathe naturally, and over the side, I went. It took a few seconds, no more, before I felt like I belonged there. Four decades ago, I had a chance to do some research.

NARRATOR: There is a new tool in the sea. It can withstand pressure up to 2,000 feet. Dr. Sylvia Earle is a marine biologist. Her question, can scientists use the JIM suit for dives over 1,000 feet? If successful, she will be the first woman to walk the seafloor beyond 1,000 feet.

SYLVIA EARLE: We cooked up this idea of going on the nose of the submarine, like the ornament on the hood of a car, together down to the bottom of the ocean, and then I would step off at the maximum depth we could go, which turned out to be about 400 meters, 1,250 feet. Creatures with lights down the side, they looked like little ocean liners. There are various kinds of jellies and crustaceans and little squids and the fish. It's like diving into a galaxy of these lights. What's hard is getting people to understand why the ocean matters to them. If the ocean dried up tomorrow, life would also dry up. That's where most of the action on Earth is. It's 97 percent of the water on Earth. They should know that, with every breath they take, every drop of water they drink, the ocean is touching them. You should treat the ocean as if your life depends on it, because it does. My name is Sylvia Earle, and this is my Brief But Spectacular take on why the ocean matters to all of us.

JUDY WOODRUFF: She's amazing. And you can find additional Brief But Spectacular episodes on our Web site, PBS.org/NewsHour/Brief.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：海洋生物学家席薇亚·厄尔已历时40余年研究海洋探索的前沿知识。今年83岁的她依然活跃在该领域，势头不减。厄尔美国国家海洋和大气管理局的首位女性首席科学家，曾于1998年获《时代》杂志地球的守护者的称号。在今晚的《简短而精彩》中，她回顾了自己对海洋乃至地球的毕生热爱。

席薇亚·厄尔，海洋生物学家：我大概3岁起就开始对海洋感兴趣。一波海浪从我身后悄然而来，将我撞翻在地。当时，我的母亲和几乎所有母亲一样，并没有赶紧冲过来把我拉走，而是在看我脸上大大的笑意之后，任凭我自己跑回来。从那之后，我就开始了对海洋的追逐。我有2个口诀：1是自然呼吸，2是与海洋接触。

不到几秒钟，我就感到自己生来就与海洋为伍。40年前，我有机会做一些与海洋有关的研究。

叙述者：海洋里有一种新工具。这种工具可以承受高达2000英尺的压强。席薇亚·厄尔是一名海洋生物学家。她曾提出一个很好的问题：科学家能在1000英尺以下继续使用硬式潜水服来潜水吗？如果她能成功，那么她将是首位能在1000英尺以下的海底行走的女性。

席薇亚·厄尔：我们试想能在潜水艇鼻翼潜水，就像车引擎盖上的装饰品一样，然后随着它一起潜入海底。然后，我们在能抵达的最深处脱离潜水艇，那里大概是400米的样子，也就是1250英尺。有自然发光能力的生物就像是远洋班轮。有各种各样的水母、甲壳类、鱿鱼和其他鱼类。就好像潜入了这些光源组成的星系一样。难点在于如何让人们理解海洋对人类的重要性。如果有朝一日海洋干涸，那么这些生命也会干枯而死。而地球上大部分的生命活动都是在海洋里发生的。海洋占地球97%的水源。人们应该懂得：呼吸和饮水都离不开海洋。我们对待海洋的态度就应该像对待衣食父母一样，因为海洋确实是衣食父母。我是席薇亚·厄尔，这是我本期带来的与海洋重要性有关的《简短而精彩》。

朱迪·伍德拉夫：席薇亚·厄尔的分享棒极了。其他《简短而精彩》的集锦可以在我们的官网PBS.org/NewsHour/Brief看到。