2020年经济学人 一周要闻 阿富汗出现双总统 黎巴嫩陷经济危机 新冠病毒成全球流行病（在线收听）

Both the incumbent, Ashraf Ghani, and his main electoral opponent, Abdullah Abdullah, were sworn in as president of Afghanistan in rival inauguration ceremonies. In the meantime, talks between Afghan politicians and the insurgents of the Taliban, which had been due to start on March 10th, are on hold, as the two sides argue about a planned prisoner exchange.

现任总统阿什拉夫·加尼和他的主要竞选对手阿卜杜拉·阿卜杜拉都在各自的就职典礼上宣誓就任阿富汗总统。同时，原定于3月10日开始的阿富汗政界人士和塔利班叛乱分子的谈判被搁置，因为双方就一项囚犯交换计划争论不休。

Myanmar's army vetoed constitutional amendments that would have reduced its political power. The ruling National League for Democracy, led by Aung San Suu Kyi, had proposed shrinking the proportion of MPs appointed by the army and making it easier to amend the constitution, among other things.

缅甸军方否决了可能削弱其政治权力的宪法修正案。此前，由昂山素季领导的执政的全国民主联盟提议缩减由军方任命的国会议员的比例，其中一个目的是使修改宪法变得更容易。

North Korea launched several missiles into the Sea of Japan in an apparent military drill. It was its second missile test in the space of a week.

朝鲜在一次明显的军事演习中向日本海发射了几枚导弹。这是朝鲜一周内的第二次导弹试验。

Mired in economic crisis, Lebanon did not repay a $1.2bn Eurobond, defaulting on its debts for the first time. Foreign reserves have plummeted and unemployment is rising. The government will try to negotiate a restructuring with its creditors, as it struggles with debt that is about 170% of GDP.

陷入经济危机困境的黎巴嫩没有偿还12亿美元的欧元债券，这是其首次拖欠债务。黎巴嫩外汇储备已经大幅下降，失业率正在上升。政府将尝试与债权人协商重组事宜，因为它正在与占GDP约170%的债务作斗争。

Two Americans and a Briton were killed by a rocket attack on a military base near Baghdad. Tensions have been high in Iraq, as Iranian-backed militia have sworn revenge for America's assassination of a senior Iranian commander at Baghdad airport in January.

巴格达附近的一个军事基地发生火箭弹袭击，导致两名美国人和一名英国人死亡。伊拉克局势高度紧张，因为伊朗支持的民兵组织发誓要报复美国。美国曾于一月份在巴格达机场刺杀了一名伊朗高级指挥官。

Prince Ahmed bin Abdel-Aziz, a brother of Saudi Arabia's King Salman, and Prince Muhammad bin Nayef, a nephew of his who was previously the crown prince, were arrested with several other senior figures. The arrests were presumably ordered by the current crown prince, Muhammad bin Salman, who runs the show. This suggests that opposition to the crown prince's authoritarian ways may be stirring in rival royal circles.

沙特国王萨勒曼的兄弟艾哈迈德·本·阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹王子和他的侄子、前王储穆罕默德·本·纳耶夫王子，和其他一些高层人物一同被捕。这些逮捕行动很可能是由现任王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼下令的，他是这次行动的负责人。这表明，反对王储独裁方式的声音可能正在敌对的王室圈子里酝酿。

Abdalla Hamdok, the prime minister of Sudan, survived a gun-and-bomb attack on his motorcade. The assassination attempt highlights the precariousness of the country's transition towards democracy.

苏丹总理阿卜杜拉·哈姆多克的车队遭到枪击和炸弹袭击，但他幸免于难。此次暗杀行动突出了该国向民主过渡的不稳定性。

The coronavirus crisis. The World Health Organisation officially declared covid-19 to be a pandemic: "We have rung the alarm bell loud and clear." America announced a travel ban on visitors from Europe (except Britain and Ireland). The lockdown in northern Italy was extended to the whole country. Most shops were ordered to close. In Germany, Angela Merkel said that 60-70% of the country's population may contract the disease at some point. Xi Jinping said there had been a positive turn to contain covid-19 in the province of Hubei. Outside Hubei, China reported three days with no newly confirmed cases of local infection. The central bank of Nigeria will, in effect, ban imports of hand sanitiser. The governor said this would boost local production.

新型冠状病毒危机。世界卫生组织正式宣布新型冠状病毒为全球性流行病：“我们已经响亮而明确地敲响了警钟。”美国宣布禁止欧洲游客入境(英国和爱尔兰除外)。意大利北部的封锁已扩展到全国。大多数商店被勒令关闭。安格拉·默克尔表示，德国可能会有60%至70%的人口感染新型冠状病毒。习近平表示，湖北省新冠疫情控制已经有了积极转变。中国湖北以外地区连续3天报告无本地新确诊感染病例。尼日利亚央行将禁止进口洗手液。主管表示这将促进当地的生产。