美国有线新闻 CNN 美国经济按下"暂停键" 面临经济衰退（在线收听）

Roosevelt, Eisenhower, and Rolling Adjustment are all the names of what? White House rooms, recessions, amendments or streets in D.C? There are all the names of historic American recessions, decreases in economic activity that lasted for months.

罗斯福、艾森豪威尔和滚动调整都是什么的名字？白宫房间、经济衰退、修正案还是华盛顿的街道？这些都是美国历史性经济衰退的名字，经济衰退指经济活动的下降持续数个月之久。

CNN Chief Business Correspondent CHRISTINE ROMANS: America has pressed the pause button on the economy. Social distancing, closed schools, canceled events, curfews — it will have an economic cost. A recession may already be underway. Some estimates for second quarter economic growth to shrink five percent. Lay-offs imminent.

CNN首席商业记者克里斯汀·罗曼斯：美国已经按下了经济暂停按纽。社交距离、学校停课、活动取消、宵禁——这些都将付出经济代价。经济衰退可能已经开始。一些人估计，第二季度经济增长将减少5%。裁员一触即发。

The tip of the spear is small business. Many don't have big bank accounts to cushion them. They have to pay their employees, pay their vendors and suppliers, pay their own rent, even when their customers stop coming.

受创最严重的是小企业。许多小企业没有大笔银行存款来自保。他们必须支付员工的工资、支付销售商和供应商货款，还要支付租金，即使无客上门。

Big business has deeper pockets but may need big help too. Airlines are seeking up to $50 billion in aid from the government, a dramatic change in fortune from what had been record airline profits, tax cuts, stock buy backs for its shareholders. U.S. airports are seeking $10 billion in government assistance to offset losses spurred by this outbreak. That's according to one industry source. Tourism, hotels, cruise lines — their businesses collapsing. So what has been done?

大企业财力更雄厚，但他们可能也需要很大的帮助。航空公司正在寻求高达500亿美元的政府援助，与此前创记录的航空公司利润、减税和股东回购股票相比，这是财富上的巨大变化。美国机场正在寻求100亿美元的政府援助，以弥补疫情造成的损失。这一消息来源于一位业内人士。旅游、酒店、游轮——这些行业的业务正在崩盘。那采取了哪些措施？

Well, the Federal Reserve has slashed benchmark short-term interest rates to near zero and pledged to help the banking system by buying $700 billion in securities. Congress has already passed $8.3 billion in emergency spending to help increase capacity for things like testing and is working on relief for some but not all workers to have unemployment benefits and paid sick leave. But many economists say a large targeted stimulus needs to come together and soon. A little over a decade after bailouts for banks, workers and the auto industry divided this nation. Here we go again.

美联储已将短期基准利率降至接近零的水平，并承诺通过购买7000亿美元证券来帮助银行系统。国会已经通过了83亿美元的紧急支出法案，以帮助提高检测等方面的能力，同时努力帮助部分（不是全部）工人获得失业救济和带薪病假。但许多经济学家表示，需要尽快出台大规模且有针对性的刺激措施。十多年前，银行、工人和汽车业的救助计划导致国家分裂。现在，我们再次面临这种局面。