美国国家公共电台 NPR 沙特开始给美国添堵 多艘油轮正逼近美国（在线收听）

A fleet of oil tankers from Saudi Arabia has begun arriving on the U.S. Gulf Coast. But this country already has plenty of crude oil. So why is there more coming in from Saudi Arabia? NPR's Jackie Northam explains.

多艘沙特阿拉伯油轮开始抵达美国墨西哥湾海岸。但美国已经有很多原油了。那为什么还会有更多油轮从沙特而来？NPR新闻的杰基·诺瑟姆将带来详细报道。

JACKIE NORTHAM, BYLINE: In late March, massive tankers in eastern Saudi Arabia were filled with crude oil and then set sail on a long journey to the other side of the world.

杰基·诺瑟姆连线：3月下旬，大型油轮在沙特东部装满原油，然后启航远行，驶向世界另一端。

MICHELLE BOCKMANN: What you have is a convoy, really, of 18 very large crude carriers that each carry 2 million barrels of crude.

米歇尔·博克曼：这里说的是一个船队，18艘大型原油船，每艘船上载有200万桶原油。

NORTHAM: Michelle Bockmann is an energy commodities analyst at Lloyd’s List, the world's oldest shipping news service.

诺瑟姆：米歇尔·博克曼是全球历史最悠久的航运新闻服务公司劳埃德航运公司的能源商品分析师。

BOCKMANN: And when you track them on a satellite map of the world, you can actually see them coming down along the east coast of Africa, across the Atlantic, through to the U.S. Gulf.

博克曼：在全球卫星地图上追踪这些油轮时，你实际上可以看到它们沿着非洲东海岸航行，穿过大西洋，到达美国墨西哥湾。

NORTHAM: Bockmann says it's believed some of the oil has been purchased by U.S. refiners at deeply discounted prices. Some of it is sent on spec. The tankers were loaded when Saudi Arabia went on a production spree, pumping millions of extra barrels each day. Some of the tankers were chartered, including one going for a record-breaking $350,000 per day.

诺瑟姆：博克曼表示，据悉，其中部分石油已被美国炼油商以大幅折扣价格购买。还有部分石油被运来碰运气。这些油轮装载时，沙特正在进行疯狂生产，每天多开采数百万桶石油。部分油轮是包租油轮，其中一艘油轮的日租金创下了35万美元的记录。

BOCKMANN: They were so keen to get this armada of oil over to the U.S. Gulf, they paid this crazy money.

博克曼：他们非常渴望将这个石油舰队送到美国墨西哥湾，并为此支付天价。

NORTHAM: The Saudi crude arrives as the U.S. shale industry is being hit hard by a glut of oil on the market because of a drop in demand due to the coronavirus. North Dakota Republican Senator Kevin Cramer told NPR that Saudi Arabia exploited the situation. Cramer is part of a growing chorus calling on President Trump to stop the Saudi oil from reaching refineries on the Gulf Coast.

诺瑟姆：沙特原油抵达之际，美国页岩行业因市场上石油过剩而遭到重创，而石油过剩是因为冠状病毒致需求下降。北达科塔州共和党参议员凯文·克莱默对NPR表示，沙特利用了这一情况。希望特朗普总统阻止沙特石油进入墨西哥湾沿岸炼油厂的呼声日益高涨，克莱默就是其中一员。

KEVIN CRAMER: We're allowing Saudi Arabia to continue to have such easy access to the American markets at a time when it is Saudi Arabia, in my view, that is largely responsible for the great supply glut.

凯文·克莱默：在我看来，沙特阿拉伯要为供应严重过剩负主要责任，而此时我们依然允许沙特阿拉伯继续如此轻易地进入美国市场。

NORTHAM: Cramer says he would be all for placing tariffs on the crude but would go further, withdrawing U.S. troops and weapons defense systems from Saudi Arabia.

诺瑟姆：克莱默表示，他完全赞成对原油征收关税，但要更进一步，从沙特阿拉伯撤离美军和武器防御系统。

CRAMER: Why would we put 2,500 troops in harm's way and a whole bunch of missile defense systems in Saudi Arabia to defend their oil when they've declared war on our oil?

克莱默：在沙特向我们的石油宣战时，为什么我们要让2500名美军处于危险之中，还让该国境内的大量导弹防御系统来保卫他们的石油？

NORTHAM: Critics say President Trump has been soft on Saudi Arabia, turning a blind eye to the devastating air offensive in Yemen, human rights abuses and the killing of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi. Kirsten Fontenrose, a former senior director on Gulf affairs in the Trump administration now with the Atlantic Council, acknowledges Trump's close relationship with Saudi Arabia.

诺瑟姆：批评人士表示，特朗普总统一直对沙特过于宽容，对该国在也门发动的破坏性空袭、侵犯人权以及杀害沙特记者贾马尔·哈苏吉的行为视而不见。克里斯汀·福特罗斯是前特朗普政府海湾事务高级负责人，现就职于大西洋理事会，她承认特朗普与沙特关系密切。

KIRSTEN FONTENROSE: Part of it is because there is this kind of personalized relationship between the president and the Saudi royal family that began when the president made his big trip out there in 2017.

克里斯汀·福特罗斯：部分原因在于总统与沙特王室之间存在私人关系，这种关系始于总统2017年对沙特的访问。

NORTHAM: But Fontenrose says the Trump administration sees Saudi Arabia as a valuable ally it needs to stick with.

诺瑟姆：但福特罗斯表示，特朗普政府认为沙特是需要支持的重要盟友。

FONTENROSE: We can either just sort of write them off and then wind up with lots of other problems down the road, or we can say, OK, this is unacceptable. But what we're going to do is try to mentor this behavior change.

福特罗斯：要么我们无视他们，然后遇到各种其他问题，要么我们可以说，好吧，这不可接受。但我们要做的是努力指导这种行为改变。

NORTHAM: Saudi Arabia may not have got that message, judging from the millions of barrels of crude oil heading to the Gulf Coast.

诺瑟姆：从运往墨西哥湾沿岸的数百万桶原油来看，沙特可能没有得到这一信息。

Jackie Northam, NPR News.

NPR新闻，杰基·诺瑟姆报道。