美国国家公共电台 NPR 白宫多人确诊新冠肺炎 特朗普为连任急于复苏经济（在线收听）

As the days go by, it can be hard to keep track of just how long we've been in lockdown. In California, the first state to issue stay-at-home orders, it's been almost eight weeks. But parts of the country are now taking the first steps towards reopening even as the number of corona cases continues to rise in some places, including the White House. Joining me now to talk about this is NPR's national political correspondent Mara Liasson.

随着时间的推移，很难记住我们到底封城了多长时间。首个发布居家令的州加州已经封城近8周。不过，美国部分地区已经开始采取重新开放的第一步举措，尽管白宫等地的冠状病毒确诊病例仍在继续上升。NPR新闻的国家政治记者玛拉·利亚森将和我们连线，介绍详细情况。

Good morning, Mara.

早上好，玛拉。

MARA LIASSON, BYLINE: Good morning. Happy Mother's Day.

玛拉·利亚森连线：早上好。母亲节快乐。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: Thank you very much. Happy Mother's Day to you, too.

加西亚·纳瓦罗：非常谢谢你。也祝你母亲节快乐。

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GARCIA-NAVARRO: We have heard about Vice President Pence's press secretary Katie Miller testing positive for the coronavirus. Of course, she is the wife of senior adviser Stephen Miller. One of the president's personal valets also tested positive, as did Ivanka Trump's assistant. And now some prominent public health officials are self-quarantining because of exposure. What does that tell you?

加西亚·纳瓦罗：我们听说副总统彭斯的新闻秘书凯蒂·米勒在冠状病毒检测中呈阳性。当然，她是高级顾问斯蒂芬·米勒的妻子。总统的一名贴身随从以及伊万卡·特朗普的助理也在检测中呈阳性。现在，多名著名公共卫生官员因接触过确诊者而进行自我隔离。这告诉了你哪些信息？

LIASSON: It tells you it's hard to stay safe. Testing can tell you if you have the disease, but it can't prevent you from getting it. And you're right. Infectious disease expert Dr. Anthony Fauci, the CDC Director Robert Redfield and FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn have all decided to do some level of self-quarantining because they came into contact with someone who had it.

利亚森：这说明很难保持安全。检测可以告诉你是否感染这一疾病，但不能避免你感染。你说得没错。传染病专家安东尼·福奇博士、美国疾病控制与预防中心（简称CDC）主任罗伯特·雷德菲尔德以及美国食品及药物管理局（简称FDA）专员斯蒂芬·哈恩均决定进行某种程度的自我隔离，因为他们与感染者有过接触。

And at the same time, you know that the White House has testing all the time, but most people who are being asked to go back to work or go to the grocery store do not have tests available. And we see the president deciding not to model social distancing. He doesn't wear a mask, even this past week where he met with a group of elderly veterans from World War II — all of them over 95 years old — who were in Washington to mark the 75th anniversary of the end of the war in Europe.

同时，白宫一直在进行检测，但大多数被要求返回工作岗位或去杂货店的人都没有可用的检测。我们看到，总统决定不遵守社交距离规定。他不戴口罩，而且他还在过去一周会见了一群二战老兵，这些老兵都超过95岁，当时他们在华盛顿庆祝第二次世界大战欧洲战事结束75周年。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: Well, speaking of testing, President Trump seems pretty ambivalent about it. Here he is last week.

加西亚·纳瓦罗：说到检测，特朗普总统似乎感到很矛盾。以下是他上周所说。

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PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP: The media likes to say we have the most cases, but we do, by far, the most testing. If we did very little testing, we wouldn't have the most cases. So in a way, by doing all of this testing, we make ourselves look bad.

唐纳德·特朗普总统：媒体喜欢说我们的确诊病例是最多的，但到目前为止，我们进行的检测也是最多的。如果我们进行的检测很少，那我们就不会有最多的确诊病例。因此，在某种程度上，因为做了这些检测，我们让自已的情况看上去很糟糕。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: So if the president throws cold water on the usefulness of testing, what kind of message does that send?

加西亚·纳瓦罗：如果总统对检测的有用性拨冷水，那会传递出哪种信息？

LIASSON: Well, it's ambivalent. Governors and other workplaces don't know quite what they should do with testing. But once again, I think it shows you that the president is at odds with public health experts who say massive testing and then contact tracing is the key to allowing you to decide who is sick and should stay home and who is not sick and can go back to work.

利亚森：这很矛盾。各州州长和其他工作场所不太清楚他们应该如何对待检测。但重申一下，我认为这表明总统与公共卫生专家意见相左，专家认为大规模检测和接触者追踪是关键，因为这得以确定应该留在家里的感染者和可以复工的未感染者。

I think what this also shows is that the president is making a pivot. He seems to be moving away from his role as a wartime leader fighting the pandemic to becoming a cheerleader for reopening and rebuilding the economy. That's something that's very important to him. He wants that economy to rebound. He needs a good economy to run for reelection. He's even branded his new role. He calls it transitioning to greatness.

我认为这也表明总统正在转变。他似乎正在从抗击疫情的战时领袖角色转变为重新开放并重建经济的啦啦队长。这对他来说是非常重要的事情。他希望经济复苏。他需要良好的经济形势来竞选连任。他甚至给自已的角色打上了烙印。他称这是向伟大的转变。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: I mean, everyone wants the economy to rebound. It's caused untold destruction in people's lives. But he can't just wave a magic wand. And how does the president open the economy in a situation like this?

加西亚·纳瓦罗：所有人都希望经济复苏。疫情给人们的生活造成了难以形容的破坏。但他不能只是挥舞下魔杖。总统如何在这种情况下开放经济？

LIASSON: Well, that is a really good question. You know, Dr. Fauci said famously, you don't make the timeline; the virus makes the timeline. And the president has left the decisions on reopening mostly to individual states. The White House decided not to provide any detailed recommendations on how to open or how much testing to do. Even the general guidelines that they put out about how states shouldn't reopen until they've seen a certain decrease in the number of cases and deaths — states aren't following those. And the president, as I said, needs a rebounding economy. But we saw those job numbers on Friday —14.7% unemployment. That's the worst...

利亚森：这是个非常好的问题。福奇博士有句名言，制定时间线的不是你，而是冠状病毒。总统将重新开放的大部分决定权交给各州。白宫决定不提供任何有关如何开放或进行多少检测的详细建议。政府公布的一般性指南要求，在看到确诊病例和死亡病例有所减少之前各州不应重新开放，但就连这些要求各州都没有遵守。如我所说，总统需要经济复苏。但我们看到，周五公布的就业数据显示，失业率达到14.7%。这是大萧条以来最糟糕的情况。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: Yeah.

加西亚·纳瓦罗：对。

LIASSON: ...Since the Great Depression.

利亚森：……大萧条以来。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: I mean, it is such an unprecedented situation. Is the public going to blame the president for the economy?

加西亚·纳瓦罗：这是一个前所未有的局面。公众会因为经济问题而责怪总统吗？

LIASSON: That's a good question. We don't know that. It is — so far, he still gets higher numbers than Joe Biden for handling the economy, although overall, he is running behind Biden in the national popular vote polls in key battleground states and with key voting groups like independents and seniors. He's working hard to convince voters that none of this is his fault.

利亚森：这是个好问题。不过我们不清楚。截至目前，他在处理经济问题上的得票率仍高于乔·拜登，尽管总体而言，在关键战场州、独立选民和老年人等主要选民群体的全国民意调查中，特朗普落后于拜登。特朗普正在努力说服选民这些问题都不是他的错。

What we do know is that incumbents usually win reelection unless there's a recession, when they usually lose. And Donald Trump is — has broken rules before. He's defied history, and he is trying to be the first candidate to win reelection in the teeth of a deep recession. I think voters are going to judge him on his leadership during the pandemic but also on whether he has a plan to rebuild a shattered economy.

我们知道，现任总统通常会赢得连任，除非遭遇经济衰退，这种情况下他们通常会连任失败。而唐纳德·特朗普此前曾打破规则。他藐视历史，他正试图成为首个在严重经济衰退期间赢得连任的候选人。我认为选民会根据他在疫情期间的领导力以及他是否有计划重建破败经济来评判他。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: That's NPR's Mara Liasson. Thank you so much.

加西亚·纳瓦罗：以上是NPR新闻的玛拉·利亚森带来的报道。非常谢谢你。

LIASSON: Thank you.

利亚森：谢谢。