英国新闻听力 南非参加暴力示威士兵收到解雇信（在线收听）

The anti-corruption commission in Nigeria has filed criminal charges against four former executives of banks that are to be rescued to prevent the country’s financial system collapsing. From Lagos, here is Caroline Duffield.

A sight Nigerians never thought they’d see--top bankers on their way to court. The four sacked CEOs, Cecelia Ibru, Bartholomew Ebong, Okey Nwosu and Sebastian Adigwe all pleaded not guilty. They and their teams are accused of fraud, giving loans to fake companies, lending to businesses they had personal interest in, conspiring with stock brokers to drive up share prices. There are many charges. The authorities here say that deals nearly destroyed five major banks.

A former trader at the French bank Societe Generale is to be put on trial charged with forgery, breach of trust and unauthorized computer use. The bank announced losses of almost seven billion dollars in January of last year which it blamed entirely on Jerome Kerviel, a junior trader. He said his superiors were aware of his unauthorized trading.

America’s top general in Afghanistan has said the situation there is serious, but success is achievable with a revised strategy. General Stanley McChrystal has sent his review of the strategy against the Taliban to NATO secretary general and to the US defense secretary. Our Defense and Security correspondent Rob Watson reports.

General McChrystal’s prescriptions for turning things round smack of evolution rather than revolution. Senior Commanders have long understood that providing security and better government for most Afghans rather than waging war on the Taliban is the key to defeating the insurgency. Indeed General McChrystal has already begun to pursue a strategy that put Afghan civilians at the heart of NATO operations. More difficult is the notion of talking to the Taliban. Though most agree it’s a good idea, it is not clear who would do the talking and why the Taliban would listen given their belief they are winning.

Almost 7,000 South African soldiers who took part in an illegal demonstration have been sent letters sacking them. Some 2,000 soldiers demanding a pay increase took part in the violent protest last week in the country’s administrative capital Pretoria. Karen Allan now reports.

The image of demonstrating soldiers clashing with the police in the heart of South Africa’s administrative capital sent shockwaves throughout the country. The defense minister, Lindiwe Sisulu has condemned their protest as disgraceful and a threat to national security. A spokesman for the South African National Defense Union says its members who receive letters have ten days to defend their actions. It’s seeking an urgent injunction in the High Court to stop soldiers from losing their jobs. It said the actions of the Defense Department will simply inflame tensions.

After almost a hundred years of hostility, Turkey and Armenia have agreed to begin six weeks of consultations aimed at reestablishing diplomatic ties. The mass killing of Armenians by Ottoman Turks during world war one has been a highly sensitive issue with Turkey resisting widespread calls that it recognize the killings as genocide. Marks George has more.

In a joint statement, Turkey and Armenia said the agreement would contribute to regional peace and stability. Consultations will take place over the next six weeks after which their respective parliaments would then be asked to ratify the protocols. This is the latest stage of a road map agreed in April to normalize their troubled relations, but there is still no resolution to the issue of mass killings between 1915 and 1917. Turkey admits that many Armenians died at the time of upheaval but argues that large numbers of Ottoman Turks also lost their lives.

A news agency in Iran has reported that the son of an advisor to the defeated presidential candidate，arrested during the post selection protest died in a Tehran prison after being beaten. Officials had said Mohsen Ruholamini whose father advised the conservative candidate Mohsen Rezaie died of meningitis but the Mehr agency says a coroner’s report gives the main course of death as physical stress, frequent beatings and repeated blows.

The Brazilian President Luís Inácio Lula da Silva has announced plans that will give the state greater control over huge recently discovered oil fields. President Lula has described the offshore reserves as Brazil’s passport to the future and wants the profits from them used to help tackle poverty.

And reports from Israel say a dispute over the refuse of three Jewish religious schools to admit a hundred pupils of Ethiopian origin has been resolved. Under a compromise agreed by the Education Ministry, the religious schools will take about half of the pupils while the rest will be placed in other institutions.

尼日利亚反腐委员会将起诉三名前银行高管。这些银行将接受中央银行救助，以免该国金融体系崩溃。拉各斯，Caroline Duffield报道。

尼日利亚人从来没想到会见到这种情景——高级银行家被送上法庭。被解雇的四名高管，Cecelia Ibru, Bartholomew Ebong, Okey Nwosu和Sebastian Adigwe都将请求无罪。他们及其团队被控诉欺诈，为虚假公司提供贷款，向与他们四人利益相关的企业提供贷款，与股票经纪人合谋抬高股价。还有许多项控告。尼日利亚当局称，这些幕后交易几乎将五大主要银行毁灭。

法国兴业银行Societe Generale前交易人员被控伪造、背信及未经授权使用计算机，将接受审判。该银行宣布，去年1月份亏损接近70亿美元，而这完全是因为初级交易员Jerome Kerviel。他说，对于他未经授权的交易，他的上司完全知晓。

美国驻阿富汗高级将军称，阿富汗形势严峻，但是通过修订策略，还是可以取得胜利。Stanley McChrystal将军已将其对抗塔利班分子的战略观点递交北约秘书长和美国国防部长。我们的国防安全记者Rob Watson报道。

McChrystal将军的策略主要侧重进化而不是革命。高级指挥官很早以前就认识到，向大多数阿富汗人提供更好的安全保障和更好的政府才是击败反叛分子的关键，而不是对塔利班分子发动战争。McChrystal的确已经开始追求一个将阿富汗平民放在北约行动中心的策略。更困难的是与塔利班分子对话的观念。尽管大多数人同意这是好的想法，但是谁来进行对话，以及如果塔利班分子认为他的信仰能够胜利，他们为什么会倾听，这些都不明晰。

参加非法示威活动的大约7,000名南非士兵收到解雇信。上周，2,000名士兵要求加薪，在该国行政首都比勒陀利亚参加了暴力抗议活动。Karen Allan报道。

参加示威的士兵与警方之间冲突的照片在全国范围引起冲击。南非国防部长Lindiwe Sisulu称这次抗议是可耻的，是危害国家安全的。南非国防军工会发言人称，收到解雇信的人有十天的时间对自己的行为作出辩护。工会向最高法院寻求紧急禁令，防止士兵丢掉工作。工会称，国防部的行为只会加剧紧张形势。

经历了大约100年的敌对之后，土耳其和亚美尼亚同意开始为期六周的会谈，旨在重新建立外交关系。第一次世界大战期间，奥斯曼突厥军队大规模杀害亚美尼亚人，这对土耳其来说一直是高度敏感的话题，他们一直不肯广泛承认这是种族灭绝式的屠杀。

在一份联合声明中，土耳其和亚美尼亚称，该协议将有助于区域性和平和稳定。会谈将于未来的六周举行，随后，受尊敬的议会将被要求批准该协议。 这是四月份为了使双方陷入僵局的关系正常化而达成协议的路线步骤，但是关于1915年至1917年的大屠杀还没有解决方案。土耳其承认，许多亚美尼亚人死于那次动乱，但是辩称大量奥斯曼突厥军队也丧失性命。

伊朗一家新闻机构报道称，被击败总统候选人一名顾问的儿子在总统选举后的抗议活动中被捕，因被殴打在监狱死亡。Mohsen Ruholamini的父亲为保守派候选人Mohsen Rezaie提供咨询。相关官员称，Mohsen Ruholamini死于脑膜炎，但是Mehr新闻社称，验尸官称死亡的主要原因是外部压力，频繁击打和重复打击。

巴西总统卢拉宣布新的计划，将使国家对最新发现的油田拥有更大的控制权。卢拉称海岸石油储备是巴西通往未来的护照，希望石油收益能够帮助解决贫穷问题。

来自以色列的报道称，由于三所犹太宗教学校拒绝100名埃塞俄比亚小学生就读而产生的争议已经解决。经过教育部的调解，这三所宗教学校将接纳一半小学生，而其他人则到其他学校就读。