美国国家公共电台 NPR 为保美国就业特朗普冻结绿卡和工作签证（在线收听）

President Trump's plans for a massive rally in Oklahoma last week were thwarted in part byyoung people who secured tickets but never intended on showing up. Today, PresidentTrump looks for a do-over, this time in Arizona. And this time, he is talking to young people. He'll hold a couple of events for young voters and is expected to talk about the southern borderwall and a new executive order that restricts legal immigration and many types of work visas.

特朗普总统上周在俄克拉荷马州举行大规模集会的计划，在一定程度上遭到了年轻人的阻挠，因为他们拿到了门票但从未打算参加。今天，特朗普总统计划再来一次，这次的集会地点在亚利桑那州。今天他将和年轻人交谈。他将为年轻选民举行几场活动，预计他会谈论南部边境墙以及限制合法移民和多种工作签证的新行政令。

NPR White House correspondent Franco Ordo?ez joins us now. Franco, good morning. Arizonais not a state President Trump expected to have to campaign so hard in, right?

NPR新闻驻白宫记者弗朗科·奥德内兹将和我们连线。弗朗科，早上好。亚利桑那州并不是特朗普总统计划在竞选中如此努力的州，对吧？

FRANCO ORDO?EZ, BYLINE: That's right. Hence likely why this is his third trip to the statethis year — just a sign of the importance the campaign has put on Arizona. He's going to talkthere about the border wall, primarily during a visit to Yuma, and keeping undocumentedmigrants out of the United States. He's also going to give a speech to an event in Phoenix withyoung supporters at a large crowd. This particularly is drawing some scrutiny after his rally onSaturday in Tulsa, given the concerns about spikes in coronavirus cases in Arizona. So thatissue may actually draw more attention than the immigration message.

弗朗科·奥德内兹连线：没错。因此，这很可能是他今年第三次来到这个州的原因，这表明他的竞选活动非常重视亚利桑那州。他将在该州谈论边境墙，这主要在他访问尤马期间进行，他还将谈到阻止非法移民进入美国的相关情况。他将在凤凰城举行的一场活动中面向大批年轻支持者发表讲话。他周六在塔尔萨举行集会之后，这一计划尤为引人关注，因为人们对亚利桑那州冠状病毒病例的激增担忧不已。因此，这个问题可能会比移民信息引起更多的关注。

MARTIN: OK, let's talk about immigration, in particular the executive order that thepresident signed yesterday, I believe it was. Who's affected?

马丁：好，我们来谈谈移民问题，尤其是总统昨天签署的行政令，我想应该可以这样说。谁会受到影响？

ORDO?EZ: Well, the order freezes new immigration until the end of the year, extending ameasure the White House put in place in April. It also restricts new visas for temporaryworkers in a variety of sectors, for tech companies, management positions and even for foreignstudents who provide child care as au pairs. The idea behind it is to respond to job lossescaused by the coronavirus pandemic and preserve jobs for Americans. It applies to newimmigrants and visa applications, not people who are already in the United States.

奥德内兹：这项行政令将冻结新移民申请直至今年年底，延长了白宫4月份实施的一项措施。同时限制不同行业临时工的新签证申请，这涉及科技公司、管理职位、甚至是提供儿童保育服务的外国互惠生。此举的目的是应对由冠状病毒疫情导致的失业，并为美国公民保留就业机会。这项行政令适用于新移民和签证申请，不影响已经在美国的移民。

MARTIN: OK. So how much difference will it make in terms of jobs?

马丁：好。这在就业方面会带来多大不同？

ORDO?EZ: The White House says that it will mean 525,000 jobs are protected for Americans, and it's being welcomed by people that want to see less immigration — for example, JessicaVaughan. She's the director of policy studies for the Center for Immigration Studies.

奥德内兹：白宫表示，这将为美国人腾出52.5万个工作岗位，这项举措受到了希望减少移民的人的欢迎，比如杰西卡·沃恩。她是移民研究中心的政策研究主任。

JESSICA VAUGHAN: The employers who formerly chose to hire visa workers instead of U.S. workers are going to have to change their recruiting practices and be looking more seriously atAmericans and legal immigrant workers who are already here.

杰西卡·沃恩：以前选择雇佣签证工作者而不是美国工作者的公司将不得不改变他们的招聘方式，更认真地看待美国人和已经在美国的合法移民工人。

ORDO?EZ: The White House has been under a lot of pressure from advocates like Jessica todo this.

奥德内兹：白宫一直饱受来自杰西卡这样的倡导者的压力，这些倡导者希望政府采取这种措施。

MARTIN: Although there are employers who will tell you that they don't have the kind ofskilled labor here in the U.S., which is why they go abroad, right? What about some of thecritiques of this?

马丁：不过有些公司会告诉你，美国没有技术工人，这就是他们出国工作的原因，对吧？这一举措招致的批评之声呢？

ORDO?EZ: Yeah, there's been a lot of critiques, even from people who use these foreignworkers for help so they can go to work. I talked to Dawn Gile, who heads a military spousenetwork. She's had four au pairs during the past 20 years while her husband's been on activeduty.

奥德内兹：对，有很多批评，就连借助这些外国工人的帮助使自已可以去工作的人都提出了批评。我采访了道恩·吉尔，她是一个军人配偶网络的负责人。过去20年她丈夫服役期间，她请了4个互惠生。

DAWN GILE: For me, I work full-time. I need flexible in-home child care that the au pairprogram provides. And by removing that, it's frustrating for us and scary for us because wedon't know what we're going to do for child care, especially given the current situation with thecoronavirus pandemic and day cares being closed.

道恩·吉尔：我要全职工作。我需要互惠生计划提供的弹性居家照顾儿童服务。这被取消以后，我们又沮丧又害怕，因为我们不知道如何照顾儿童，尤其是考虑到目前的冠状病毒疫情，而且日托中心也已关闭。

ORDO?EZ: And you note the business groups — groups like the U.S. Chamber of Commerceand the National Association of Manufacturers — they say these visa suspensions will actuallyhurt economic recovery.

奥德内兹：美国商会和美国全国制造商协会等商业组织表示，这些签证的暂停实际上会损害经济复苏。

MARTIN: NPR White House correspondent Franco Ordoez, thank you.

马丁：以上是NPR新闻驻白宫记者弗朗科·奥德内兹带来的报道，谢谢你。

ORDO?EZ: Thank you.

奥德内兹：谢谢。