美国国家公共电台 NPR 美军士兵因策划袭击自己的部队而遭指控（在线收听）

This week, the Justice Department labeled U.S. Army Private Ethan Melzer a traitor, calling him, quote, "the enemy within." Melzer is a 22-year-old soldier from Louisville, Ky., who is facing federal terrorism-related charges. Prosecutors say he plotted an ambush of his own unit as part of a satanic white supremacist network. NPR's Hannah Allam has been reporting on the threat of extremism in the U.S. military and joins us. Hi, Hannah.

本周，美国司法部将美国陆军二等兵伊森·梅尔泽列为“叛徒”，称他是“内部敌人”。梅尔泽是来自肯塔基州路易斯维尔的22岁士兵，他现在面临联邦恐怖主义相关指控。检察官表示，他策划了一起针对自已所在部队的伏击，这是邪恶的白人至上主义网络的部分行动。NPR新闻的汉娜·阿勒姆负责报道美国军队中的极端主义威胁，现在她将和我们连线。你好，汉娜。

HANNAH ALLAM, BYLINE: Hi there.

汉娜·阿勒姆连线：你好。

GREENE: Take me through the charges here. What exactly is Private Melzer accused of doing?

格林：请介绍一下这些指控。二等兵梅尔泽具体面临哪些指控？

ALLAM: Well, he faces many charges, including conspiracy and attempt to murder U.S. military personnel. And all this is tied to what the Justice Department is calling a plot by Melzer to ambush his own unit once they were deployed to Turkey. The indictment says Melzer joined the Army in 2018 and within a year had joined a U.K.-based neo-Nazi group called the Order of the Nine Angles. Prosecutors say Melzer found out he was being deployed to Turkey and allegedly passed details of that deployment to members of the group, including the location and the defenses of his unit. The court papers also have transcripts of Melzer saying he's willing to die in this operation, that he sees it as part of a greater cause. So authorities consider him an accelerationist, someone who believes in violence to collapse society and create a new order. And for white supremacists, that end goal is typically an ethnostate. So this accelerationist trend is something we've seen in a series of recent attacks, and now here it is popping up in a high-profile military investigation.

阿勒姆：他面临多项指控，包括密谋以及企图谋杀美国军方人员。所有这些都与司法部所说的阴谋有关，梅泽尔计划在自已所在部队被部署到土耳其后进行伏击。起诉书表示，梅尔泽于2018年入伍，入伍后不到一年就加入了英国新纳粹组织“九角教团”。检方表示，梅尔泽发现自已将被派往土耳其，然后他向“九角教团”成员透露了这次部署的细节，包括部署地点以及他所在部队的防御设施。法庭文件还包括梅尔泽的笔录，他说他愿意为这次行动奉献生命，他认为这是更伟大的事业的一部分。因此，有关部门认为他是加速主义者，他相信暴力可以摧毁社会并建立新秩序。而对白人至上主义者来说，终极目标通常是种族隔离。我们在最近一系列袭击中都看到了这种加速主义趋势，现在它也出现在了备受关注的军方调查中。

GREENE: I mean, just the idea of far-right extremists serving in the military is terrifying. But this is not a first. I mean, we've seen a few cases like this. Can you talk about how widespread this problem could be?

格林：极右翼极端分子在军队中服役，这是相当可怕的事情。但这不是第一次发生。我们看到过这种案例。你能谈谈这个问题有多普遍吗？

ALLAM: Well, the short answer is we don't have a good handle on the scope. Defense officials have said, you know, they've seen a slight increase in the number of domestic terrorism investigations involving service members. But that's just one category, and it doesn't address, you know, fully the picture of extremism in the ranks. So there is a need for better data. It's been a frustration for civil rights groups and extremist researchers who for years have been asking for improvements to tracking and screening.

阿勒姆：简单来说，我们没有很好地处理这个范围。国防官员表示，他们有看到涉及服役人员的国内恐怖主义调查数量有所增加。但这只是一种类别，不能完全解决军队中的恐怖主义问题。因此，需要更好的数据。这一直令民权组织和极端主义研究员感到失望，他们多年来一直在要求改进追踪和筛查。

GREENE: Well, how is the military responding to all of this right now?

格林：军方对此有何回应？

ALLAM: Military officials have said they're expanding screening. They are working more closely with other counterterrorism partners, other agencies, to address extremism. But lawmakers and extremism monitoring groups and other critics all say the Pentagon can do a lot more. And one policy that's often singled out is the distinction the military draws between simply belonging to an extremist organization and actively participating in one. And terrorism analysts say there should be the same zero-tolerance policy for violent white supremacists as there is for Islamist extremists. Here's Colin Clarke with The Soufan Group in Washington.

阿勒姆：军方官员表示，他们正在扩大筛查范围。他们正在与其他反恐合作伙伴以及其他机构合作，以解决极端主义。但议员和极端主义监测组织和其他批评人士均表示，五角大楼可以做得更多。一项经常被提及的政策是军队要区分极端主义组织成员和积极参加极端主义组织的人。恐怖主义分析人士表示，应该对暴力的白人至上主义者采取与伊斯兰极端分子相同的零容忍政策。以下是华盛顿苏凡集团的科林·克拉克所说。

COLIN CLARKE: If this was an affinity for jihadism, they wouldn't say, well, you're not an active participant. You just, you know, have a real affinity for ISIS. The first hint that anybody expressed sympathy for a jihadi group, they would be done.

科林·克拉克：如果是与圣战组织关系密切的人，那你并不是积极的参与者。你只是真地亲近ISIS。如果出现有人向圣战组织表示支持的苗头，那这些人要受到处罚。

GREENE: Wow. So, I mean, just listening to all of this, Hannah, you know, we're at this moment when big U.S. institutions are struggling with how to confront systemic racism. I mean, is extremism within the military a part of that conversation right now?

格林：哇哦。汉娜，听听这些，我们正处在美国大型机构努力对抗系统性种族主义的时刻。现在，军队中的极端主义是否是谈话的一部分？

ALLAM: It is. And we have seen signs that the Pentagon is making it more of a priority. Of course, a case like Melzer's at this moment makes it even more urgent. You know, right now, there's, you know, this attention to the campaign to change the Confederate names of military bases. Researchers I've talked to hope that it's also a moment for the military to think about what more they can do to keep white supremacists and other extremists out of the ranks altogether.

阿勒姆：我们看到有迹象表明五角大楼计划将其列为更优先事项。当然，像梅尔泽这样的案例令这变得更加紧急。目前，大家都在关注为含有南方联盟元素的军事基地重新命名的运动。接受我采访的研究人员希望，现在军方人员也能重新思考他们还能采取哪些措施，以将白人至上主义者和其他极端分子完全排除在军队之外。

GREENE: We really appreciate all this reporting That's NPR national security correspondent Hannah Allam. Hannah, thank you.

格林：我们非常感谢你带来的报道。以上是NPR新闻的国家安全记者汉娜·阿勒姆带来的报道。汉娜，谢谢你。

ALLAM: Thank you.

阿勒姆：谢谢。